基于分光计多光源三棱镜色散特性综合实验的探究性研究  

The Experimental Light Dispersion Studies with Multiple-Light-Sources Based on Spectrometer

作　　者：张亚萍 冯振康 李汶锴 焦刘阳 李静[1] 周小岩 ZHANG Yaping;FENG Zhenkang;LI Wenkai;JIAO Liuyang;LI Jing;ZHOU Xiaoyan(College of Science,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学理学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2021年第2期55-60,共6页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：教育部产学合作协同育人项目(NO.201902282053);中国石油大学(华东)教学改革项目(KC-202057)

摘　　要：当光线传播到不同介质界面如平面镜、三棱镜等的光学表面时,会发生反射、折射现象,光线的传播方向将发生改变,在入射光和出射光之间产生一定的夹角。以分光计作为精确测量角度的光学仪器,分别在氢灯、氦灯、钠灯和汞灯几种不同光源照射下,选取对应光源中清晰且能够准确确定位置和波长的谱线,分别采用最小偏向角测量法和掠入射法,测量出不同频率单色光在三棱镜中的折射率,建立色散特性经验公式,获取的三棱镜色散特性规律符合柯西色散公式。研究结果对于基于分光计调节的设计研究性、系列专题实验等探究性教学具有一定的指导意义。When light propagation in different medium interface such as flat mirror and prism,the phenomenon of reflection and refraction occurs.The light propagation direction will change,between the incident light and output light produce certain angle.Under different light sources of hydrogen lamp,helium lamp,sodium lamp and mercury lamp,the spectrum with clear and accurate location and wavelength were selected,using spectrometer as an optical instrument for measuring angles accurately.Using the minimum deviation angle method and the grazing incidence method respectively,the refractive index in different frequency monochromatic light can be measured.The dispersion characteristics of empirical formula was established,conform to the Cauchy dispersion formula.The results have good guiding significance for the design research and series thematic experiment teaching based on spectrometer measurement.

关 键 词：分光计 色散特性 最小偏向角 掠入射法 多光源 

分 类 号：O4-33[理学—物理]