4龄多年生混播人工草地冠层光辐射分布特征  

Characteristics of Light Radiation Distribution in Canopy of 4th-Year-Old Mixed Sowing Cultivated Perennial Grassland

作　　者：黄利春 张永超 HUANG Li-chun(Bureau of Agricultural and Husbandry Sciences of Horqin YouyiQian County,Horqin YouyiQian County ,Inner Mongolia 137713)

机构地区：[1]科尔沁右翼前旗农牧和科技局,内蒙古科尔沁右翼前旗137713 [2]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2021年第2期8-14,共7页Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

基　　金：青海省科技厅基础研究项目(2018-ZJ-968Q);牧草体系海北综合试验站(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：在青藏高原青海湖东地区,对栽培4龄(2020年)的青牧1号老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus L.cv.Qingmu No.1)、青海扁茎早熟禾(Poa pratensis var.anceps Gaud.cv.Qinghai)和青海中华羊茅(Festuca Sinensis Keng cv Qinghai)混播草地于开花期对植物群落的冠层上部、穗下部、旗叶下部和基生叶下部的光合有效辐射(PAR)进行测量,分析4龄多年生人工混播草地不同混播处理下不同冠层结构对光照辐射的影响。结果表明,随着冠层结构高度的降低,光照辐射强度也随之降低,同时,不同混播处理下光照辐射变异系数增大。穗下光强最高出现在HB11处理(1151μmol/m/s);旗叶下光照辐射较大是HB9、HB19、HB14、HB3、HB7处理;基生叶下光照辐射强度最高是HB2处理(544.33μmol/m/s);从植物群落冠层顶部到冠层底部,累计光照辐射截获率从17.77%增加到71.78%,累计光照辐射截获率的变异系数从35.22%降至10.85%。穗下累计光照辐射截获率最高是HB21(0.3597)处理;旗叶累计光照辐射截获率在HB17、HB22、HB10、HB1、HB8、HB12、HB8、HB15和HB20处理普遍较高;基生叶下累计光照辐射截获率在HB1、HB10和HB21处理较高。光照辐射绝对截获率在基生叶下最高,为52.32%,其次是旗叶26.21%,最低是穗部17.77%。不同混播处理下,光照辐射绝对截获率的变异系数在旗叶下最高,为44.03%,其次为穗部35.22%,最低为基生叶25.96%。穗下光照辐射绝对截获率最高的是HB21和HB15处理;旗叶下光照辐射绝对截获率最高的是HB10、HB17和HB1处理;基生叶光照辐射绝对截获率最高的是HB1处理(0.7654)。穗、旗叶和基生叶光照辐射滤过率依次降低(0.8223>0.7378>0.4764),群落穗部对光照辐射滤过率最高的混播处理是HB11(0.9433),旗叶光照辐射滤过率最高的是HB9处理(0.9647),基生叶光照辐射滤过率在HB2和HB11处理下最高。In the east of Qinghai-Lake on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,a perennial cultivated grassland with mixed sowing of Elymus sibiricus L.cv.Qingmu No.1,Poa pratensis var.anceps Gaud.cv.QinghaiandFestuca Sinensis Keng cv Qinghaihad been carried out since 2017.photosynthetically active radiation(PAR)on the upper canopy of plant community were recorded during flowering stage and the effect of the different mixture sowing treatments was analyzed.The experimental results showed that the average intensity of photosynthetic active radiation was 1250μmol/m/s in the middle of August and with the sunny weather at noon.With the decreasing of the canopy height,photosynthetic active radiation decreased and the coefficient of variation of light radiation increased.Under spike,the highest photosynthetic active radiation intensity got in HB11 treatment.The photosynthetic active radiation in HB9,HB19,HB14,HB3,HB7 was much higher under the flag leaf.The highest intensity of light radiation was HB2 treatment(544.33μmol/m/s)under basal leaves.From the top of the canopy to the bottom,the cumulative light interception rate increased from 17.77%to 71.78%,The variation in the cumulative interception rate decreased from 35.22%to 10.85%.Under spike,the highest cumulative interception rate of light intensity got in HB21(0.3597)treatment.The cumulative interception rate of light intensity inHB17,HB22,HB10,HB1,HB8,HB12,HB8,The HB15 and HB20 treatments were much higher under the flag leaf.The cumulative interception rate of light intensity in HB1,HB10 and HB21 treatments were much higher under basal leaves.The absolute interception rate of light radiation was 52.32%under the canopy structure of basal leaves,the second was the flag leaf 26.21%,the lowest was 17.77%of the spike in the different mixing treatments,and the coefficient of variation of the absolute interception rate of light radiation was 44.03%under the flag leaf,the spike was 35.22%,the lowest was basal leaf 25.96%.The highest absolute interception rate of light intensity under the spike w

关 键 词：混播 多年生 冠层结构 光合有效辐射 光照辐射 

分 类 号：S812.4[农业科学—草业科学]