2009至2018年天津市农药中毒流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning in Tianjin from 2009 to 2018

作　　者：高雅 王欣[1] 李培[1] 李梅莉[1] Gao Ya;Wang Xin;Li Pei;Li Meili(Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心职业病预防控制室,300011

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2021年第4期282-285,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：天津市青年医学新锐人才项目(2018);天津市津门医学英才人才项目(2018)。

摘　　要：目的了解天津市农药中毒的现状、发病规律及其特点,为制定农药中毒防治策略提供科学依据。方法2019年8月,从中国疾病预防控制信息系统导出相关农药中毒报告卡,以天津市2009至2018年农药中毒病例共计864例为研究对象,以SPSS 24.0进行数据处理,用χ2检验进行统计学分析。结果2009至2018年天津市共报告农药中毒死亡病例56例,病死率6.48%(56/864);其中生产性农药中毒166例(病死率19.21%),非生产性农药中毒698例(病死率80.79%),病死率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.72,P<0.05)。2012年农药中毒病例最多(144例),2018年最少(48例)。病例分布主要集中在蓟州区(312例)、宝坻区(247例)和津南区(140例),共计699例(80.90%)。中毒发生时间主要集中在5~8月,其中非生产性农药中毒各月均有发生,生产性农药中毒集中发生在4~8月中毒发生。年龄以35~44岁最多(188例,21.76%),15岁以下最少(8例,0.93%)。药品类型以杀虫剂类最多(551例,63.77%),各年龄组间病死率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)趋势=46.09,P<0.05)。结论有关部门应加强农药安全使用宣教及监管工作,提高农民危害认知及自我防护意识,以减少和预防本市农药中毒的发生。Objective To understand the present situation,law and characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Tianjin,and provide scientific basis for the formulation of pesticide poisoning control strategy.Methods In August 2019,the related pesticide poisoning report card was derived from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.A total of 864 pesticide poisoning cases from 2009 to 2018 in Tianjin were studied,and the data were processed by SPSS 24.0,statistical analysis was performed by 2-test.Results from 2009 to 2018,a total of 56 pesticide poisoning deaths were reported in Tianjin,with a case fatality rate of 6.48%(56/864),including 166 cases of productive pesticide poisoning(19.21%)and 698 cases of non-productive pesticide poisoning(80.79%),the difference of case fatality rate was statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.72,P<0.05).With the most cases of pesticide poisoning(144 cases)in 2012 and the least(48 cases)in 2018.The cases were mainly distributed in Jizhou(312 cases),Baodi District(247 cases)and Jinnan district(140 cases),with a total of 699 cases(80.90%).The time was mainly from May to August,in which non-productive pesticide poisoning occurred in each month,the concentration of productive pesticide poisoning occurred from April to August in spring and summer,and reached its peak in July and August.The age range from 35 to 44 years old was the most(188 cases,21.76%),and the age below 15 years old was the least(8 cases,0.93%).Pesticide was the most common drug type(551 cases,63.77%).Conclusion The departments concerned should strengthen the education and supervision of pesticide safety,improve the farmers'awareness of harm and self-protection,so as to reduce and prevent the occurrence of pesticide poisoning in this city.

关 键 词：农药 中毒 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R595.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]