国家重点生态功能区植被覆盖度变化及其对地形因子的响应——以湖北省长阳县为例  

Changes of vegetation coverage and their response to topographical factors in national key ecological function regions:a case study of Changyang County in Hubei Province,China

作　　者：潘方杰 王宏志[2] 冯兵[1] 宋明洁 陈安 PAN Fangjie;WANG Hongzhi;FENG Bing;SONG Mingjie;CHEN An(School of Management, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205,China;College of Urban & Environmental Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;College of Public Administrative,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Yichang Institute of Environmental Protection,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学管理学院,武汉430205 [2]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉430079 [3]华中师范大学公共管理学院,武汉430079 [4]宜昌市环境保护研究所,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期442-452,共11页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42001229);武汉工程大学人文社会科学基金资助项目;湖北社科基金项目(2020058).

摘　　要：区域植被覆盖变化监测是研究资源环境承载力的基础,其对区域可持续发展至关重要.该研究基于2000年—2015年的NDVI数据,借助于偏差分析、变异系数分析、地形差异修正指数模型等方法,对县域植被覆盖度变化特征及其对地形因子的响应进行研究,主要结论如下:1)2000年—2015年植被覆盖度整体上处于较高水平,呈现出小幅度的波动增加趋势,年均增长率为0.12%;高覆盖度和中高覆盖度等级面积合计占研究区总面积80%以上.2)研究期内县域植被覆盖度变异程度总体上稳定,植被稳定型面积占研究区总面积的82.84%,植被改善型面积大于植被退化型,其占比分别为13.07%和4.08%,能够在很大程度上对维护区域生态安全发挥重要作用.3)随着高程的升高植被退化型先减小后增加,在大于1250 m的高程内为主导类型;植被稳定型先缓慢增加后逐步减少,在500~1750 m高程内优势明显;而植被改善型呈不断减少趋势,仅在小于500 m高程内呈优势分布.坡度对植被退化型分布的影响较大,在0°~15°范围内优势程度最明显,当坡度大于25°时植被稳定型和改善型呈现出一定程度的优势分布.不同坡向上植被变化显著,随着坡向由阴坡转向阳坡,植被改善型分布增加,而植被稳定型分布减少.该研究能够在一定程度上为国家重点生态功能区县域生态环境治理及生态保护提供有效的参考和借鉴.Monitoring of regional vegetation cover change is the basis of researching the carrying capacity of resources and environment,which is crucial for regional sustainable development.This study is based on the NDVI data and the information of vegetation coverage estimated by the pixel binary model method to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of fractional vegetation coverage and its response to topographical factors from 2000 to 2015.The data was analyzed using bias analysis,coefficient of variation and trend analysis with the coefficient corrected by topography.The main results are as follows.1)The vegetation coverage was at a relatively high level as a whole from 2000 to 2015,showing a small fluctuation increasing trend,with an average annual growth rate of 0.12%.The medium-high coverage area is the largest,with an area of 2,240.66 km2,and the high-coverage area is 498.76 km2,accounting for more than 80%of the total study area together.2)The variation degree of vegetation coverage was generally stable from 2000 to 2015,and the area of stable vegetation accounted for 82.84%of the total study area.The area of vegetation improvement type is larger than that of vegetation degradation type,accounting for 13.07%and 4.08%respectively,which can play an important role in maintaining regional ecological security to a large extent.3)As the elevation increases,the type of vegetation degradation first decreases and then increases,and it is the dominant type in the range of greater than 1250 m.The stable type of vegetation coverage first increased and then decreased gradually,and the advantages were obvious within the elevation of 500-1750 m.While the improved vegetation type showed a continuous decreasing trend,only showing dominant distribution within the elevation less than 500 m.The slope has a greater influence on the distribution of vegetation degradation types,and the dominant degree is the most obvious in the range of 0°-15°.When the slope is greater than 25°,the stable and improved vegetation

关 键 词：植被覆盖度 重点生态功能区 像元二分模型 地形因子 长阳县 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]