论“梅村体”的集大成及其诗史意义  

A Study on the Achievements of“Mei Cun Style”and Its Significance in the History of Poetry

作　　者：姜克滨 Jiang Kebin(School of Liberal Arts,Zaozhuang University,Zaozhuang,277160,China)

机构地区：[1]枣庄学院文学院,山东枣庄277160

出　　处：《临沂大学学报》2021年第3期43-51,142,共10页Journal of Linyi University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“清代顺治至雍正时期歌行与叙事研究”(17YJC751013)。

摘　　要：吴伟业“梅村体”是集歌行之大成的诗体,在中国诗歌史上具有重要意义。“梅村体”歌行非仅学初唐四杰和元白,实集众家之长,广泛借鉴了盛唐诸家李颀、杜甫和晚唐温庭筠、李商隐等歌行的优点,而又能融汇创新,自成一家。吴伟业广泛采用李颀歌行叙事写人的传奇笔法,效法杜甫歌行的抒情方式与句法结构,在诗歌辞采、声韵等方面对温、李诗歌有意学习,使“梅村体”在叙事方面达到很高的成就,也使“梅村体”具备了富丽精工、沉郁哀婉的风格。“梅村体”一方面对歌行体制进行了创新,另一方面促进了叙事诗的发展,在清代诗歌史上的地位是举足轻重的。Wu Weiye’s Mei Cun Style is a poetic style combining the merits of song rows and has great significance in the history of Chinese poetry.The song rows of“Mei Cun Style”not only study the writing characteristics of the four outstanding poets,namely,Wang Bo,Yang Jiong,Lu Zhaolin and Luo Binwang in the early Tang Dynasty and the poets Yuan Zhen and Li Bai in the middle Tang Dynasty,but also collect the best of song rows written by Li Qi and Du Fu in the prosperous Tang Dynasty,Wen Tingyun and Li Shangyin in the late Tang Dynasty.As a perfect collection of the strengths of many poetic schools,the song rows of“Mei Cun Style”still have formed its own style.By adopting the poet Li Qi’s legendary narrative writing style and imitating Du Fu’s lyrical way and his syntactic structure,and intentionally learning Wen Tingyun and Li Shangyin's choice of words,rhythm and rhyme,Wu Weiye has made Mei Cun style achieve great accomplishments in narration and shaped Mei Cun Style in a refined,sophisticated and melancholy style.“Meicun Style”has innovated the system of song rows and promoted the development of narrative poems in the meantime.Therefore,it is understandable to conclude that it has played a pivotal role in the history of poetry in Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：梅村体 歌行 杜甫 温李 叙事诗 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]