硫酸软骨素类可注射水凝胶体系及其凝胶化机制  

Gelation Systems and Mechanisms of Chondroitin Sulfate-Based Injectable Hydrogels

作　　者：王芹[1] 邱钰智 乔韡华 董念国[2] 杨亚江[1] WANG Qin;QIU Yuzhi;QIAO Weihua;DONG Nianguo;YANG Yajiang(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430022,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学化学与化工学院,武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院心脏大血管外科,武汉430022

出　　处：《功能高分子学报》2021年第3期243-259,共17页Journal of Functional Polymers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81930052);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51473057)。

摘　　要：硫酸软骨素是一种硫酸化糖胺聚糖类天然多糖,广泛分布于动物组织的细胞外基质和细胞表面,具有促进软骨生长、调控生长因子、加快伤口愈合等多种生物功能。近年来,基于硫酸软骨素良好的生物活性、生物相容性和生物降解性,硫酸软骨素类可注射水凝胶作为一种新型生物材料受到了广泛关注,尤其是在组织工程、药物输送和细胞治疗等生物医用领域的应用已有较多研究。侧重综述了国内外发展的基于硫酸软骨素的可注射水凝胶的凝胶化体系、凝胶化机制和凝胶改性方法。重点介绍了基于物理热诱导的凝胶化,以及通过形成席夫碱反应、点击化学反应、形成酰胺键和光交联等化学交联、以及酶交联等形成三维网络结构的方式,并综述了调控体系凝胶化时间、力学性能和组织黏附性的方法。最后对硫酸软骨素可注射水凝胶作为新型生物材料的发展方向进行了展望。Chondroitin sulfate(ChS),a kind of natural polysaccharide,is the sulfated glycosaminoglycan which is widely distributed in the extracellular matrix and on the surface of animal cells.ChS possesses various biological activities,such as promoting cartilage growth,regulating growth factors and accelerating wound healing.As a novel biomaterial,in recent years,ChS-based injectable hydrogels have attracted much attention due to their biocompatibility,biodegradability combined with their unique bioactivity,particularly,their applications in the fields of tissue engineering,drug delivery,cell therapy and so on.The gelation systems gelation mechanisms and modification methods of ChS-based injectable hydrogels are reviewed.Herein,the formation methods of the three dimensional network structure in ChS-based injectable hydrogels are mainly introduced,involving physical thermo-induced gelation,chemical crosslinking through Schiff’s base formation,click chemical reaction,formation of amide bonds and photo-crosslinking and enzyme-catalyzed crosslinking,etc.These developed precursor polymer systems,the corresponding crosslinking methods and mechanisms have been illustrated in detail.In addition,the methods about regulating gelation time,mechanical properties and tissue adhesion are also discussed.The reported strategies can be summarized as the combination of two or more crosslinking methods,adjusting the constitute of the gelation systems and forming composite hydrogels,etc.Finally,future development of ChS-based injectable hydrogels as biomaterials is prospected.We propose that more feasible injectable hydrogel systems with suitable properties will be developed in the future.Furthermore,the relationships among the chemical structure of ChS,the gelation behavior and biological functions should be studied further.In addition,because of the excellent bioactivity of ChS,ChS-based injectable hydrogels applied in other biomedical fields should be explored.

关 键 词：凝胶化体系和机理 硫酸软骨素 可注射水凝胶 组织工程 

分 类 号：O636.1[理学—高分子化学]