基于小角度纵波检测技术的钎焊界面缺陷检测  

Detection of brazing interface defects based on small angle longitudinal wave testing technique

作　　者：黄鑫[1] 牛琛辉 HUANG Xin;NIU Chenhui(Advanced Technology and Materials Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]安泰科技股份有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《物理测试》2021年第2期24-28,共5页Physics Examination and Testing

摘　　要：基于超声小角度纵波检测技术,采用非接触聚焦直探头,调节合适的声束入射方向,提取钎焊界面的超声反射信号,利用超声信号特征幅值来识别缺陷并完成超声成像,判断钎焊界面是否存在缺陷。3种样品的钎焊界面状态分别为焊接良好、存在人工缺陷和存在工艺缺陷,且检测样品表面所在平面与钎焊界面所在平面的夹角均为7°。检测结果表明:针对检测样品的最佳入射角α为4°,该方法可有效检出当量直径φ2.0 mm人工缺陷和钎焊界面工艺缺陷,成像结果能够准确并直观地判断出钎焊界面缺陷。最后,通过检测样品解剖分析验证了小角度超声纵波检测技术对钎焊界面缺陷检测的准确性。The ultrasonic reflecting signal from the brazing interface was extracted based on ultrasonic small angle longitudinal wave testing technique. The non-contact focused straight probe was employed to adjust the proper incident angle of ultrasonic beam. The characteristic amplitude of ultrasonic signal was used to recognize the defects and to realize the ultrasonic imaging,thus to judge whether there were defects on the brazing interface. The interface states of three testing specimens with no defects,artificial defects and workmanship defects were observed. Moreover,the angles between the planes of sample surface and brazing interface were both 7°. The testing results showed that the optimal incident angle was 4°. The proposed method could effectively detect the artificial defects and workmanship defects with equivalent diameter of 2. 0 mm.The imaging results could accurately and intuitively reflect the brazing interface defects. Finally,the metallographic analysis of testing samples verified the detection accuracy of brazing interface defects by the small angle ultrasonic longitudinal wave testing technique.

关 键 词：钎焊界面缺陷 小角度纵波 最佳入射角度 

分 类 号：TG454[金属学及工艺—焊接]