Wave-particle duality relation with a quantum N-path beamsplitter  

作　　者：Dong-Yang Wang Jun-Jie Wu Yi-Zhi Wang Yong Liu An-Qi Huang Chun-Lin Yu Xue-Jun Yang 王冬阳;吴俊杰;王易之;刘雍;黄安琪;于春霖;杨学军(Institute for Quantum Information&State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing,College of Computer Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;College of Information and Communication,National University of Defense Technology,Xi'an 710006,China;China Greatwall Quantum Laboratory,China Greatwall Technology Group CO.,LTD.,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]Institute for Quantum Information&State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing,College of Computer Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China [2]College of Information and Communication,National University of Defense Technology,Xi'an 710006,China [3]China Greatwall Quantum Laboratory,China Greatwall Technology Group CO.,LTD.,Changsha 410073,China

出　　处：《Chinese Physics B》2021年第5期220-228,共9页中国物理B（英文版）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61632021).

摘　　要：The wave-particle duality relation derived by Englert sets an upper bound of the extractable information from wave and particle properties in a two-path interferometer.Surprisingly,previous studies demonstrated that the introduction of a quantum beamsplitter in the interferometer could break the limitation of this upper bound,due to interference between wave and particle states.Along the other line,a lot of efforts have been made to generalize this relation from the two-path setup to the N-path case.Thus,it is an interesting question that whether a quantum N-path beamsplitter can break the limitation as well.This paper systemically studies the model of a quantum N-path beamsplitter,and finds that the generalized wave-particle duality relation between interference visibility and path distinguishability is also broken in certain situations.We further study the maximal extractable information's reliance on the interference between wave and particle properties,and derive a quantitative description.We then propose an experimental methodology to verify the break of the limitation.Our work reflects the effect of quantum superposition on wave-particle duality,and exhibits a new aspect of the relation between visibility and path distinguishability in N-path interference.Moreover,it implies the observer's influence on wave-particle duality.

关 键 词：wave-particle duality interference visibility path distinguishability quantum N-path beamsplitter 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理]