叶面喷施生物调节剂对水晶柚果实品质的影响  

Effects of Biological Regulator Spraying on the Leaf on Crystal Pomelo Fruit Quality

作　　者：周龙 汤利 杨德荣 曾志伟[2] ZHOU Long;TANG Li;YANG Derong;ZENG Zhiwei(College of Plant Conservation,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;Yunnan Yuntianhua Modern Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd,Kunming,Yunnan 650228,China;Yunnan Chemical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650228,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南云天化现代农业发展有限公司,云南昆明650228 [3]云南省化工研究院有限公司,云南昆明650228

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2021年第5期1361-1370,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：云南省科技人才与平台计划(No.2019IC026);云天化-恒冠泰达(褚橙)高原特色项目(No.YTH-HGTD2017093088)。

摘　　要：生物调节剂作为新型制剂因其用量少、效果明显被广泛商用化。为探究不同生物调节剂对果实品质的影响,在柚子果实发育期叶面喷施4种植物生长调节剂(氯吡脲:T1;赤霉酸:T2;芸苔素内酯:T3;α-萘乙酸钠:T4)和3种生物刺激素(海藻精:T5;海藻多糖:T6;海藻酸:T7),以清水为对照(CK),对柚子果肉中12种常规果实品质指标和9种矿质元素含量进行比较分析,利用主成分因子分析、聚类分析和邻接树法分析对果实品质进行综合评价。结果表明:在柚子品质指标方面,叶面喷施植物生长调节剂明显促进可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量,植物生长调节和生物刺激素均显著增加柚子葡萄糖和木质素含量,降低果胶和纤维素含量;在柚子矿质元素含量方面,总体上,生物刺激素处理增加柚子中微量元素含量,而植物生长调节剂对中微量元素含量无明显促进作用,二者对柚子氮磷钾养分含量均无显著影响。综合分析发现,T3处理综合得分最大,聚类分析将T3处理划分为第一类群,其蔗糖、苹果酸和纤维素含量最低,可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、葡萄糖、柠檬酸含量最高,综合得分为1.57,总体果实品质最佳;通过邻接树法分析不同类群下果实品质因子对可溶性固形物的相对贡献进一步证实,不同类群叶面喷施处理下贡献排名前三的均为葡萄糖、蔗糖和木质素,影响柚子可溶性固形物的首要因子依次是可滴定酸、果胶和葡萄糖,相对贡献率分别为40.2%、36.0%和27.2%。Biological regulators as a new preparations can promote the natural biological metabolism of crops,enhance the nutrients absorption and utilization,increase the abiotic stress resistance of crops and improve the quality and yield,which is commercially used extensively because of its less dosage and obvious effects.Nevertheless,a large number of biological modulators are flooded with different types,brands and dosage forms in market,interfered seriously with users’choices and its real effect was difficult to assess.To explore the influence of different biological regulator on fruit quality.Taking the“crystal pomelo”of 5 years old as the research object,a field trial was carried in pomelo science and technology demonstration park,nongdao town,ruili city,in Yunnan province with 97°42’east longitude and 23°52’north latitude.The research area was 0.15 hm^(2),the plant spacing was 3 m×5 m,and the planting density is 660 plant/hm^(2).During the whole growth stage,two times of foliar spraying were applied to each treatment include the beginning of the swelling(May 14,2019)and bentonite fruiting(June 28,2019).Four kinds of plant growth regulators(0.1%Clopi dourea 100 times:T1;20%Gibberellic acid 2000 times:T2;0.015%Brassinolide 2000 times:T3;99%α-Sodium naphthalene acetate:T4)and three kinds of bio-stimulants(Seaweed essence 800 times:T5;Algal polysaccharides 800 times:T6.Alginic acid 800 times:T7)with water as the control(CK)were foliar sprayed in pomelo growth stage.When the pomelo was maturity(Sep 20,2019),5 pomelos were picked from the different growing parts of the tree canopy,middle,lower,inner and outer.Pomelos were picked in each plot,mixed,and then divided according to the method of quartering,10 fruits were selected as one fruit sample for each repeat.Testing,comparative and analysis 12 kinds of conventional fruit quality indexes(Moisture content,Total soluble solids,Titratable acid,Solid acid ratio,Vitamin C,Sucrose,Glucose Citric,Malate,Pectin,Cellulose and Lignin)and 9 kinds of mineral elements

关 键 词：水晶柚 生物调节剂 植物生长调节剂 生物刺激素 果实品质 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]