2019年新疆晚发现HIV/AIDS病例流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of late diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in Xinjiang, 2019

作　　者：陈晶[1] 倪明健[1] CHEN Jing;NI Mingjian(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumgi,Xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2021年第2期18-21,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：新疆防治艾滋病规模化现场流行病学干预研究(2018ZX10715-007);新疆艾滋病防控研究重点实验室(XJYS1706)。

摘　　要：目的分析2019年新疆晚发现HIV/AIDS病例流行病学特征及影响因素,为减少晚发现提供依据。方法利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测数据,分析2019年新疆报告HIV/AIDS病例中晚发现病例的流行病学特征及影响因素。结果 2019年新疆报告HIV/AIDS病人4 723例,其中晚发现病例766例(16.21%)。不同性别(χ^(2)=12.947)、年龄(χ^(2)=157.393)、婚姻状况(χ^(2)=13.220)、文化程度(χ^(2)=22.923)和职业(χ^(2)=36.642)的晚发现率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中晚发现率男性(17.71%,524/2 959)、60岁及以上(30.67%,96/313)、离异或丧偶(18.66%,279/1 495)、家务及待业(21.27%,267/1 255)、注射吸毒共用针具传播感染(27.03%,40/148)和临床就诊病例(22.86,318/1 391)较高。结论2019年新疆HIV/AIDS病例中有一定比例的晚发现病例,为进一步减少晚发现,增加早发现、早治疗,应加大宣传,提高大众防病与检测意识;继续开展一般人群艾滋病抗体筛查,加强重点人群和重点场所的主动监测。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and its influencing factors of the individuals with late diagnosed HIV/AIDS in Xinjiang, 2019, and provide basis for reducing late diagnosis. Methods Based on the infectious disease surveillance data of Chinese disease control and prevention information system, the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of the late diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases reported in Xinjiang in 2019 were analyzed. Results Out of the 4 723 HIV/AIDS cases newly reported in Xinjiang, 2019, there were 766 late diagnosed cases, accounting for 16.21%.There were statistical differences(P<0.05) in the late diagnosis rates among the cases of genders(χ^(2)=12.947), ages(χ^(2)=157.393), marital status(χ^(2)=13.220), educational background(χ^(2)=22.923) and occupations(χ^(2)=36.642). The late diagnosis rates were high in the male cases(17.71%, 524/2 959), cases aged 60 years and over(30.67%, 96/313), divorced or widowed(18.66%, 279/1 495), housework and unemployed(21.27%, 267/1 255), injecting drug users infected by sharing needles(27.03, 40/148) and clinical visitors(22.86%, 318/1 391). Conclusions A certain proportion of late diagnosed cases exists in the HIV/AID cases reported in Xinjiang, 2019. In order to reduce the late diagnosis further, and increase the early detection and treatment, the awareness of disease prevention and detection in the population should be reinforced. The screening of HIV antibody should be continuously conducted in general population, and the active surveillance and detection in the focus groups and key places should be strengthened.

关 键 词：HIV/AIDS 流行病学特征 晚发现病例 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R181.22[医药卫生—临床医学]