花林流域面雨量监测分析  

Analysis of Areal Rainfall Monitoring within Hualin Catchment

作　　者：张亚萍 黎中菊 翟丹华 张勇 邱鹏 黎春蕾 Zhang Yaping;Li Zhongju;Zhai Danhua;Zhang Yong;Qiu Peng;Li Chunlei(Chongqing Meteorological Observatory,Chongqing 401147;Chongqing Hydrological Center,Chongqing 401120)

机构地区：[1]重庆市气象台,重庆401147 [2]重庆市水文监测总站,重庆401120

出　　处：《气象科技进展》2021年第2期63-68,共6页Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用示范专项社会民生类重点研发项目(cstc2018jscx-mszd X0074)。

摘　　要：以花林流域发生的2次洪水过程为例,对雨量计观测记录插值得到的降水分析场(Ps)和雷达联合雨量计估计的降水分析场(Pr)进行了对比,分析了不同来源降水场对流域面雨量计算和流域水文响应的影响。结果表明:雨量计稀疏或分布不均匀,可能会漏测强降水中心,导致不同降水场计算的面雨量存在较大偏差;不同来源降水分析场的差值场(Pr-Ps)能够直观地显示出无雨量计观测的地区是否发生了强降水,有助于判断这些地区的山洪地质灾害气象风险等级;导致一次洪峰的所有强降水风暴的发生位置、演变和移动情况,在很大程度上决定着流域的水文响应,需要重点监测强降水雨团沿流域汇流方向的移动。Taking two flood processes in Hualin Catchment as an example,the precipitation analysis field Ps and Pr within the basin obtained by the rain gauge interpolation and by the combination of rain gauge and radar data,respectively,were compared.The influences of precipitation fields from different sources on the calculation of areal rainfall and the hydrological response of the catchment were analyzed.The results show that:rain gauge nets with sparse or uneven distribution may miss the heavy precipitation centers,leading to large deviations between the areal rainfall value from Ps and the value from Pr;the difference field (Pr-Ps) of precipitation analysis fields from different sources can intuitively show whether heavy precipitation has occurred in areas without rain gauges,which is helpful to judge the meteorological risk grade of flash flood or geological disaster in these areas.The location,evolution and movement of all heavy precipitation storms leading to a flood peak determine the hydrological response to a large extent,so it is necessary to focus on monitoring whether the heavy precipitation clusters move along the confluence direction of the catchment.

关 键 词：面雨量 天气雷达 雨量计 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]