兰州市6~24个月儿童缺铁性贫血现状及其危险因素分析  

Status and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children Aged 6-24 Months in Lanzhou

作　　者：高向莹 陈虹[2] 李天 万单华 GAO Xiangying;CHEN Hong;LI Tian;WAN Danhua(The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Department of Child Healthcare,the First Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第一临床医学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学第一医院儿童保健科,兰州730000

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第10期2076-2080,共5页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：目的分析兰州市6~24个月儿童缺铁性贫血(IDA)的患病情况及其危险因素。方法选取2019年1月至2020年1月在兰州大学第一医院儿童保健科健康体检的1 777例6~24个月儿童为研究对象,分别行末梢血常规判断是否贫血、对其监护人行问卷调查获取相关资料,分析IDA的患病情况及其危险因素。结果 1 777例6~24个月儿童中,IDA 379例,其中轻度279例、中度72例、重度28例,非IDA 1 398例,IDA患病率为21.33%(379/1 777),男、女IDA的患病率分别为22.33%(205/918)、20.26%(174/859)。单因素分析结果显示:不同年龄、胎龄、出生体重、胎数、满6个月喂养方式、既往慢性感染及腹泻史及母亲孕期贫血情况、母亲贫血知识了解程度、家庭饮食习惯的IDA患病率比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:早产、低出生体重、多胎、满6个月纯母乳喂养、母亲孕期有贫血、家庭饮食以素食为主、既往慢性感染及腹泻史是IDA的危险因素(P <0.05),年龄为18~24个月是其保护因素(P <0.01)。结论兰州市6~24个月IDA患病率较高,需重视儿童IDA的危险因素并提前预防,以改善儿童IDA患病情况。Objective To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of iron-deficiency anemia( IDA) in children aged6-24 months in Lanzhou city. Methods A total of 1 777 children aged 6-24 months who received physical examination in Department of Child Healthcare,the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from Jan. 2019 to Jan. 2020 were included. Routine peripheral blood examination was conducted to determine whether anemia existed,and questionnaire survey was conducted on their guardians to obtain relevant information,to analyze the prevalence of IDA and its risk factors. Results Among the 1 777 children aged 6 to24 months,there were 379 IDA cases,including 279 mild cases,72 moderate cases,28 severe cases,and 1 398 cases of non-IDA group. The IDA prevalence was 21. 33%( 379/1 777),the prevalence of IDA in male and female was 22. 33%( 205/918) and20. 26%( 174/859),respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there was significant difference in IDA detection rate among different ages,gestational age,birth weight,number of fetuses,6-month-old feeding method,repeated infectious diseases and chronic diarrhea,mother anemia during pregnancy,mother anemia knowledge level and family dietary habit( P <0. 05). Logistic regression analysis of the above statistically different factors showed that premature delivery,low birth weight,multiple births,exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months,maternal anemia during pregnancy,vegetarian diet,repeated infectious diseases and chronic diarrhea were risk factors for IDA in infants( P < 0. 05),the age between 18-24 months was its protective factor( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The prevalence of IDA in children aged 6-24 months is relatively high in Lanzhou,so it is necessary to pay attention to the risk factors of IDA in children and prevent them in advance to improve the condition.

关 键 词：缺铁性贫血 儿童 危险因素 

分 类 号：R556[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]