发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对鲫鱼生长、血清生化指标及肠道结构的影响  

Effects of Fermented Soybean Meal Instead of Fish Meal on Growth,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Intestinal Structure of Carassius Auratus

作　　者：徐茜 杨正 朱文娟 陈思宇 肖思远 刘晶[1] 王红权[2] 兰时乐[1] XU Qian;YANG Zheng;ZHU Wenjuan;CHEN Siyu;XIAO Siyuan;LIU Jing;WANG Hongquan;LAN Shile(College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《饲料工业》2021年第10期31-37,共7页Feed Industry

摘　　要：为探讨发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对鲫鱼的生长、血清生化指标及肠道结构的影响,用发酵豆粕分别替代基础日粮(含鱼粉10%)中0(FSM0)、20%(FSM20)、40%(FSM40)、60%(FSM60)、80%(FSM80)的鱼粉配制成5种等氮等能饲料投喂初始重量(29.24±0.07)g的鲫鱼幼鱼56 d。结果表明,各处理组的日摄食率、存活率和饲料系数无显著差异(P>0.05)。FSM60组的终末体重、增重率、特定生长率、肝体比、脏体比、肥满度、肠体比高于FSM0组。全鱼粗蛋白含量组间无显著差异(P>0.05),FSM60组粗脂肪含量、内脏脂肪率低于FSM0组,FSM0组的粗灰分含量显著低于其余各组(P<0.05)。血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总蛋白、白蛋白组间无显著差异(P>0.05),添加发酵豆粕处理组的总胆固醇、三酰甘油、谷丙转氨酶均高于FSM0组。中、后肠FSM60组肌层厚度和绒毛宽度显著大于FSM0组(P<0.05),FSM40组绒毛长度高于其余各组。综上所述,发酵豆粕替代鱼粉可以提高鲫鱼的生长、代谢能力,改善鲫鱼肠道结构。In order to explore the effects of fermented soybean meal(FSM)instead of fish meal on the growth,serum biochemical indexes and intestinal structure of Carassius auratus,five isonitrogen and isoenergy diets for feeding experiments were formulated.Fermented soybean meal was used to replace 0(FSM0),20%(FSM20),40%(FSM40),60%(FSM60)and 80%(FSM80)of the fish meal in the basic diet(10%fish meal)to obtain experimental diets.Carassius auratus[with initial body weight of(29.24±0.07)g]were randomly divided into five groups and cultured for 56 d.The results showed that the final body weight(FBW),weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR),hepatosomatic index(HSI),visceroso⁃matic index(VIS),condition factor(CF)and enterosomatic index(ESI)of the FSM60 group were higher than those of the FSM0 group.There was no significant difference in the crude protein content of the whole fish between the groups(P>0.05),but the crude fat content and visceral fat rate(VFR)of the FSM60 group were lower than those of the FSM0 group,and the crude ash content of the FSM0 group was significantly lower than the other groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in serum lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(GOT),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),the total protein(TP),and albumin(ALB)between the groups(P>0.05).The total cholesterol(T-CHO),triglycerides(TG)and alanine aminotransferase(GPT)of the groups which were treated with fermented soybean meal were all higher than FSM0 group.In the midgut and hindgut,the muscular thickness and villi width of FSM60 group were sig⁃nificantly larger than FSM0(P<0.05),and the villi length in FSM40 group was higher than that of other groups.These results indicated that the fermented soybean meal instead of fish meal could improve the growth,metabolism andintestinal structure of Carassius auratus.

关 键 词：鲫鱼 发酵豆粕 鱼粉 血清生化指标 肠道结构 

分 类 号：S815.1[农业科学—畜牧学]