非编码RNA与获得性主动脉疾病的研究进展  

Research progress on non-coding RNA and acquired aortic diseases

作　　者：蔡治祥 颜涛 王显悦 陈汉威 唐郁宽 CAI Zhixiang;YAN Tao;WANG Xianyue;CHEN Hanwei;TANG Yukuan(Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention,Guangzhou Panyu District Central Hospital,Guangzhou,511400,China;Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,General Hospital of Southern Theater Command,PLA)

机构地区：[1]广州市番禺区中心医院微创介入科,广州511400 [2]中国人民解放军南部战区总医院心血管外科中心

出　　处：《临床心血管病杂志》2021年第4期370-374,共5页Journal of Clinical Cardiology

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(No:201804010240)。

摘　　要：非编码RNA(ncRNA)曾被认为是"基因组噪声",随着分子生物学技术的发展,ncRNA在主动脉疾病中的发病机制成了研究热点。ncRNA的表达具有细胞和组织特异度,并存在与疾病发病相关的特异性ncRNA,对某些疾病筛查具有高敏感性和稳定性,有潜力成为心血管疾病危险分层、诊断及预后的生物标志物。如FDA已批准lncRNA前列腺癌抗原-3用于前列腺癌的临床常规筛查。在治疗方面,已有研究以miRNA-21和miRNA-34等为靶向的多种药物进入临床试验阶段。主动脉疾病常可分为先天性和获得性两类,获得性主动脉疾病包括主动脉夹层、主动脉瘤、多发性大动脉炎等。多种ncRNA参与调控获得性主动脉疾病的发生和发展,如lnc-Ang362的敲除可抑制血管平滑肌细胞的增殖;主动脉夹层患者中Brahma相关基因1(BRG-1)mRNA和相应蛋白的表达水平显著升高。希望通过进一步研究发现主动脉疾病发病机制中的关键分子,以寻找此类疾病早期诊断的标志物及潜在的治疗靶点。本文重点对miRNAs、lncRNAs、circRNAs参与的获得性主动脉疾病相关研究进行综述。Non-coding RNA was once considered as"genomic noise".With the development of molecular biology technology,non-coding RNA has become a research hotspot in the pathogenesis of aortic diseases.The expression of non-coding RNA has cellular and tissue specificity.The existence of specific non-coding RNA related to disease pathogenesis has high sensitivity and stability for screening some diseases.It has the potential to become a biomarker of risk stratification,diagnosis,and prognosis of cardiovascular disease.For example,FDA has approved lncRNA prostate cancer antigen 3 for routine clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer.In terms of treatment,various drugs targeting miRNA-21 and miRNA-34 have been found in clinical trials.Aortic diseases can be divided into congenital and acquired diseases.Acquired aortic diseases include aortic dissection,aortic aneurysm,multiple arteritis,and so on.A variety of non-coding RNAs are involved in regulating the occurrence and development of acquired aortic diseases.For example,knockout of 1 nc-Ang362 can inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.The expression of Brahma-related gene 1(BRG-1)mRNA and corresponding protein is significantly increased in patients with aortic dissection.We hope to find the key molecules in the pathogenesis of aortic diseases through further research to find early diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for such diseases.This article focuses on the related studies of acquired aortic diseases in which miRNAs,lncRNAs,circRNAs are involved.

关 键 词：获得性主动脉疾病 非编码RNA 发病机制 主动脉夹层 主动脉瘤 

分 类 号：R543.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]