纳米颗粒物对嗅球影响及其机制的研究进展  

Research progress on effect of nanoparticles on olfactory bulb and its mechanism

作　　者：刘蕊 季晓亚 唐敬龙 LIU Rui;JI Xiaoya;TANG Jinglong(School of Public Health,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong 266021,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学公共卫生学院,山东青岛266021

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2021年第4期419-424,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81872651)。

摘　　要：嗅球是端脑皮质的一部分,是嗅冲动传向神经中枢的中继站,嗅球也可以汇集嗅觉冲动,调节嗅信息的传入。近年来有一些流行病学和动物实验结果表明,纳米颗粒可以通过呼吸暴露的途径沿嗅觉系统进入嗅球及大脑其他区域,诱导神经炎症、氧化应激及神经递质紊乱,进而导致嗅球内出现神经元肥大、核染色质浓缩及边缘化等病理改变,影响嗅觉功能。本文主要综述了纳米颗粒物经呼吸暴露后沿嗅觉感觉神经元轴突进入嗅球的生理过程,并对纳米颗粒引起的嗅球毒性损伤效应及相关机制进行了汇总,为纳米颗粒经呼吸暴露引起嗅球及相关系统损伤的预防提供合理的依据。The olfactory bulb is part of the brain cortex,and is a relay station for olfactory impulses to the central nervous system,which can collect olfactory impulses and regulate information about odors from the nasal epithelium.In recent years,some epidemiological and animal experimental results show that the nanoparticles can enter the olfactory bulb and other regions of the brain along the olfactory system through respiratory exposure,inducing neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and neurotransmitter disorder.Nanoparticles exposure can further lead to pathological changes in olfactory bulb,such as neuronal hypertrophy,condensation and marginalization of chromatin in nuclei to affect the olfactory function.In this paper,the physiological process of nanoparticles entering the olfactory bulb along the axons of olfactory sensory neurons after respiratory exposure was reviewed,its toxic effect on olfactory bulb and related mechanism were summarized,aiming to provide a reasonable basis for prevention of injury of olfactory bulb and related system caused by respiratory exposure to nanoparticles.

关 键 词：嗅球 纳米颗粒 病理损伤 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]