结合形式与意义的声调视听训练  

Audio-visual training for tone production: Considering form and meaning

作　　者：杨蓓 Yang Bei

机构地区：[1]中山大学中国语言文学系(珠海),519000

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2021年第3期31-44,共14页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：美国WARF研究基金(项目编号:AAA1646)的资助。

摘　　要：汉语声调学习对母语为非声调语言的学习者而言是个难点。前期研究表明声调的视听训练是有效的。但是这些训练只注重声调形式而忽视声调的辨义功能。本研究结合形式/意义和视听反馈两方面设计训练模式,采用前测—后测—三次追踪后测设计,对比分析意义优先聚焦形式训练和全形式训练。总体上,两种训练模式都显著有效。在后测中,训练中未出现过的词,只在意义优先聚焦形式训练后,声调产出成绩得以显著提高。同时,声调组合的难易程度不同,在两种不同的训练模式中声调成绩的提高程度也不同。这些结果揭示了在合适的学习阶段,加强词义和声调的心理处理机制有助于学习者声调的发展。English speakers lack tonal experience in their first language,while Chinese tone instruction ignores many relevant mental processes for tone production.Within the theoretical frameworks of Levelt’s production model and Focus on Form,two audio-visual training paradigms were designed.Ten American learners of Chinese received a Focus on Form training,9 received a Focus on FormS training,and 9 received no training.All participants took the assessment test five times:a pretest,a post-test,and three retention tests.The results show that both training paradigms are effective.The production of tones carried by the trained words are improved significantly after both trainings,while the production of tones carried by the untrained words are improved significantly only after the Focus on Form training.Meanwhile,the difficulty degree of the tone combination patterns influences the tone improvement.The study reveals that audio-visual training is effective,and emphasis on the connection between tone form and meaning should be promoted in an appropriate learning stage.

关 键 词：声调 视听训练 意义优先聚焦形式 全形式 双音节词 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]