基于磁力控制的径向分区压边拉深工艺研究  

Deep drawing with radial segmental blank holder based on magnetic control

作　　者：张红升 秦泗吉[1] 曹丽琴[2] 孟林园 程啸 毛耀本 ZHANG HongSheng;QIN SiJi;CAO LiQin;MENG LinYuan;CHENG Xiao;MAO YaoBen(Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging&Stamping Technology and Science of Ministry of Education of China,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;College of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学先进锻压成形技术与科学教育部重点实验室,秦皇岛066004 [2]燕山大学环境与化学工程学院,秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2021年第4期388-398,共11页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51675466,51175451);河北省自然科学基金(编号:E2018203373)资助项目。

摘　　要：本文提出一种由永磁体提供磁力的径向分区压边方法,可以获得更加合理的压边力分布.根据软磁材料的特点构建了磁极单元,通过瞬时低强度电流可以改变磁极单元的磁力状态.拉力实验证明磁极单元可以提供足够大的磁吸力,满足压边要求.温升实验的测量结果验证了磁极单元不会产生过热问题.根据拉深工艺特点,设计了基于电控永磁技术的压边装置和拉深模具,拉深过程中施加压边力无需持续通电,因此具有节能、安全的优点.采用理论推导确定了径向分区压边方法的可行性,并采用数值模拟分析了板坯上压边力的初始分布.结果表明,相对于整体压边,径向分区压边施加的压边力可以作用在更大的径向区域内.通过成形模拟进一步验证了径向分区压边方法的有效性,压边力沿径向分布更加合理,可以更好地控制板坯厚度的变化.最后,通过镀锌板的拉深实验证明电控永磁技术用于压边装置是可行的,径向分区压边方法可以有效抑制起皱,改善板坯成形效果.We propose a radial segmental blank holder technique based on the electro-permanent magnet(EPM)technology,in which we can obtain a more reasonable blank holding force(BHF).The magnetic pole unit was constructed according to the characteristics of soft magnetic materials and adjusted the magnetic state of the magnetic pole unit by an instantaneous low-intensity current.The tensile test revealed that the magnetic pole unit can provide a sufficiently large magnetic attraction force to satisfy the blank holding requirements.The measurement results of the temperature rise experiment verified that the magnetic pole unit would not cause overheating.According to the characteristics of the drawing process,the blank holder device and the drawing die based on EPM technology were designed.The BHF applied during the drawing process does not need to be continuously energized,so it has the advantages of energy-saving and safety.Theoretical derivation was used to determine the feasibility of the radial segmental blank holder technique and analyzed the initial distribution of the BHF on sheet metal using FEA.The results show that,compared with the conventional blank holder,we could implement the BHF applied by the new method in a larger radial area.We further verified the efficiency of the radial segmental blank holder technique by performing simulation.Since the BHF is more rationally distributed in the radial direction,we could control the sheet thickness variation better.Finally,the drawing experiment of the galvanized sheet revealed that the EPM technology is feasible for the blank holder,and the radial segmental blank holder technique can efficiently suppress wrinkling and enhance the performance.

关 键 词：拉深成形 磁路设计 压边力 径向分区压边 起皱 

分 类 号：TG386[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]