赤霉酸和氯吡脲处理对‘户太8号’和‘夏黑’葡萄果实品质的影响  

Effects of GA_(3) and CPPU Treatments on Fruit Quality of Grape Varieties‘Hutai No.8’and‘Summer Black’

作　　者：郭俊强 汤婷 陈子秋 张松霖 李智[1] 王西平[1] GUO Junqiang;TANG Ting;CHEN Ziqiu;ZHANG Songlin;LI Zhi;WANG Xiping(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,农业农村部西北园艺作物生物学与种质创新重点开放实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第9期8-17,共10页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFD1001401);陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟重大科技资助项目(LMZD201902)。

摘　　要：以‘户太8号’和‘夏黑’葡萄为试材,前者采用11组赤霉酸(GA_(3))和氯吡脲(CPPU)进行处理,后者采用8组处理,均以清水为对照,研究了不同GA_(3)和CPPU处理下葡萄的外观形状和内在品质,以期为生产优质、健康的葡萄提供参考依据。结果表明:GA_(3)和CPPU处理的单果质量为6.00~12.00g(对照为3.00g左右)、果形指数1.05~1.25(对照小于1.05)、果皮硬度7.50~11.00N(对照小于7.00N);果面色泽均显著增强;‘户太8号’葡萄的可溶性固形物、总酸含量以及固酸比无明显规律性差异;‘夏黑’葡萄的可溶性固形物含量、固酸比明显增加;果实中酒石酸含量减少、L-苹果酸含量增加。综合分析可得,‘户太8号’葡萄最佳处理为花期1~3d浸蘸25mg·L^(-1) GA_(3),10~15d后再次浸蘸50mg·L^(-1) GA_(3)和2mg·L^(-1) CPPU;‘夏黑’葡萄最佳处理为盛花期浸蘸25mg·L^(-1) GA_(3),10~15d后再次浸蘸50mg·L^(-1) GA_(3)和2mg·L^(-1) CPPU。Taking‘Hutai No.8’and‘Summer Black’as experimental materials,the former was treated with eleven groups of GA_(3) and CPPU,and the latter was treated with eight groups,both taking water as control.The appearance,shape and internal quality of grape under different GA_(3) and CPPU treatments were studied,in order to provide a reference basis for the production of high-quality and healthy grapes.The results showed that GA_(3) and CPPU treatment increased single fruit weight was 6.00-12.00g(CK was about 3.00g),fruit shape index was 1.05-1.25(CK less than 1.05),peel hardness was 7.50-11.00 N(CK less than 7.00 N).The color of almost all fruit surface was enhanced significantly.The soluble solids content,total acid content and solid-acid ratio of‘Hutai No.8’grape showed no obvious regular difference.However,the soluble solid content and solid acid ratio of‘Summer Black’grape increased obviously,tartaric acid content in grape fruit decreased and L-malic acid content increased.Comprehensive analysis showed that the best treatment of‘Hutai No.8’grape was soaking in 25mg·L^(-1) GA_(3) within 1-3days of blooming period,then dip with 50mg·L^(-1) GA_(3) and 2mg·L^(-1) CPPU in the next 10-15days.In addition,the optimum treatment of‘Summer Black’grape was dip 25mg·L^(-1) GA_(3) in full bloom,after that dip 50mg·L^(-1) GA_(3) and 2mg·L^(-1) CPPU during the next 10-15days.

关 键 词：GA3 CPPU ‘户太8号’葡萄 ‘夏黑’葡萄 果实品质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]