植物粗提物对猕猴桃根结线虫生物活性的影响  

Effects of Plant Extracts on Bioactivity of Kiwifruit Root-knot Nematodes

作　　者：顾桂飞 尹显慧[1] 龙友华[1] 李磊 舒然 龙海江 GU Guifei;YIN Xianhui;LONG Youhua;LI Lei;SHU Ran;LONG Haijiang(Institute of Crop Protection,Guizhou University/Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Zhouyi Tea Plantation of Bijie,Bijie,Guizhou 551700)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学作物保护研究所,猕猴桃工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550025 [2]毕节市周驿茶场,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第9期18-24,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：贵州省科技厅科技支撑计划资助项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2358)。

摘　　要：以22种常见植物为研究对象,采用浸渍法,研究了植物乙醇粗提物对猕猴桃根结线虫2龄幼虫(J2)室内活性的影响,并开展了蕺菜、万寿菊和蓖麻粗提物对猕猴桃根结线虫的田间防效试验,以期为猕猴桃根结线虫绿色防控提供参考依据。结果表明:22种植物粗提物对猕猴桃根结线虫2龄幼虫均有不同程度的毒杀活性,其中,以蕺菜、万寿菊和蓖麻粗提物对J2的毒杀活性最佳,48h后的校正死亡率分别为88.54%、90.97%和87.50%,LC_(50)值分别为2.711、3.096、3.679g·L^(-1);用药180d后,万寿菊和蕺菜粗提物的田间防效分别为63.01%和54.79%,与药剂对照无显著差异,蓖麻粗提物的田间防效为41.10%,与空白对照差异显著。万寿菊、蕺菜和蓖麻粗提物均可作为防治猕猴桃根结线虫的绿色药剂。Taking 22common plants as the research objects,the effects of ethanol extracts on the indoor activity of the second juvenile(J2)of kiwifruit root-knot nematodes were studied by impregnation method,and the field efficacy trials of Houttuynia cordata,Tagetes erecta and Ricinus communis on kiwifruit root-knot nematodes were tested,in order to provide reference for green control of kiwifruit root-knot nematodes.The results showed that all of plant extracts had different degrees of toxicity to J2,among them,the extracts of H.cordata,T.erecta and R.communis had good toxicity to J2.After 48hours,the corrected mortalities of J2were 88.54%,90.97%and 87.50%,and with LC_(50) were 2.711,3.096g·L^(-1) and 3.679g·L^(-1) respectively.After 180days,the field efficacy of T.erectaand H.cordata were 63.01%and 54.79%,respectively,which had no significant difference with the chemical control,while R.communis was 41.10%,which was significantly different from the blank control.The extracts of H.cordata,T.erecta and R.communis can be choosed as green chemicals to control kiwifruit root-knot nematodes.

关 键 词：植物粗提物 猕猴桃根结线虫 室内活性 防效 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]