不同灌水量对静海冬枣果实品质的影响  

Effects of Different Irrigation Quantity on Fruit Quality of Jinghai Ziziphus jujube

作　　者：任晓琴 孟洁 陈渊舜 杨静慧 李冰 张超 REN Xiaoqin;MENG Jie;CHEN Yuanshun;YANG Jinghui;LI Bing;ZHANG Chao(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Tianjin University of Agriculture,Tianjin 300384;Institute of Resources and Environment,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300384;Tianjin Shuofang Green Technology Development Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300384)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300384 [2]天津市农业科学院资源环境所,天津300384 [3]天津朔方绿色科技发展有限公司,天津300384

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第9期32-38,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：天津市林果现代农业产业技术体系创新团队资助项目(ITTFPRS2018002);天津市科委资助项目(18JCTPJC68000);天津市科委资助项目(17ZXBFNC00310);天津市研究生科研创新型资助项目(2019XY004)。

摘　　要：以天津静海区二年生冬枣果实为试材,采用中、高、低灌水的方法,研究了不同灌水量对冬枣果实品质的影响,以期为冬枣栽培管理提供参考依据。结果表明:从果实内在品质来讲,高水处理的果实含水量、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量最高,分别为69.15%、29.78%、0.27%,中水处理的可溶性蛋白质、维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量最高,分别为6.81mg·g^(-1)、411.66mg·(100g)^(-1)、26.30mg·g^(-1)。低水处理较中水处理下冬枣可溶性蛋白质含量下降了23.8%、维生素C含量下降了15.4%、可溶性糖含量下降了18.9%,但果实含水量、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量下降不明显。从果实外在品质来讲,中水处理的冬枣果实单果质量、果实横径、纵径均为最大,分别为22.84g、36.57mm、35.43mm,均显著高于其它处理。果实硬度和果形指数均是差异不显著。由相关性分析可知,灌水量与果形指数呈显著正相关,与果实含水量、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量呈极显著正相关。隶属函数综合分析显示,不同灌水处理下,中水处理的冬枣果实品质最好,其次是低水处理,在高水处理下冬枣的果实品质最差。由此可得,适当控水可提高冬枣的果实品质。Taking two-year-old Dongzao fruits in Jinghai District of Tianjin as experimental materials,high and low irrigation methods were used,the effects of different irrigation amounts on the quality of Dongzao fruits were studied,in order to provide reference for the cultivation and management of Dongzao.The results showed that in terms of internal fruit quality,the water content,soluble solids,and titratable acid contents of the fruits treated with high water were the highest,which were 69.15%,29.78%,and 0.27%.The contents of soluble protein,vitamin C,and soluble sugars in the middle water treatment were the highest content,which were 6.81mg·g^(-1),411.66mg·(100g)^(-1),26.30mg·g^(-1).Compared with the medium water treatment,the soluble protein content of Dongzao decreased by 23.8%,the vitamin C content decreased by 15.4%,and the soluble sugar content decreased by 18.9%.However,the fruit water content,soluble solids and titratable acid content decreased not significantly.In terms of the external quality of the fruit,the quality of the single fruit,the transverse diameter and the longitudinal diameter of the Dongzao fruit treated with medium water were the largest,which were 22.84g,36.57mm,and 35.43mm,which were significantly higher than other treatments.The fruit hardness and fruit shape index were not significantly different.According to the correlation,the irrigation volume had a significant positive correlation with the fruit type index;it had a very significant positive correlation with the fruit water content,soluble solid content,and titratable acid content.The comprehensive analysis of membership function showed that under different irrigation treatments,the quality of Dongzao under the middle water treatment was the best,followed by the low water treatment,and the fruit quality of the Dongzao under the high water treatment was the worst.Therefore,proper water control could improve the fruit quality of jujube trees.

关 键 词：冬枣 灌水量 果实品质 相关性 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]