聚苯胺/硒化镍复合材料的制备及电化学性能研究  

Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Polyaniline/Nickel Selenide Composites

作　　者：贾哲 赵瑞 张彩军 王素敏[1] JIA Zhe;ZHAO Rui;ZHANG Caijun;WANG Sumin(School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Technological University,Xi’an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学材料与化工学院,西安710021

出　　处：《西安工业大学学报》2021年第2期123-131,共9页Journal of Xi’an Technological University

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业计划项目(201910702036)

摘　　要：为研究不同电极材料的复合对其电容性能的改善作用,文中在以氯化镍和硒粉为原料制备硒化镍(NiSe)纳米颗粒上原位聚合生长聚苯胺(PANI),形成聚苯胺包覆硒化镍的聚苯胺/硒化镍(PANI/NiSe 2)纳米复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、紫外可见光光谱分析等对复合材料进行形貌表征。结果表明:包覆后的NiSe 2纳米颗粒尺寸明显增加;紫外可见光光谱显示PANI和NiSe 2之间产生了电子相互作用,使复合材料的吸收峰向长波方向移动;与纯PANI和NiSe相比,复合材料的热稳定性得到提高。利用电化学工作站和高性能电池检测系统测试了电极的电化学性能。在0.5 A·g^(-1)的电流密度下,PANI/NiSe 2复合材料的比电容可以达到142.5 F·g^(-1),是PANI(74.4 F·g^(-1))和NiSe 2(69.4 F·g^(-1))的近两倍;循环1000次以后,比电容保持率为89.8%,表现出良好的电化学性能。与纯PANI和NiSe相比,文中制备的复合材料具有更高的电化学比表面积和电导率,这是其电容性能提升的重要原因。Polyaniline/Nickel selenide(PANI/NiSe 2)composite was prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline on the surface of nickel selenide with Nickel chloride and selenium powder as raw materials.Transmission electron microscopy shows that NiSe 2 was encapsulated by PANI in PANI/NiSe 2 composite,and that the size of NiSe was significantly increased compared to pure NiSe 2.The electronic communication between PANI and NiSe 2,which is shown in the UV visible light spectrum,led to the red shift of the absorption pea.The thermal stability of the PANI/NiSe 2 was better than that of the pure PANI and NiSe 2,as shown by thermogravimetric analysis curves.The electrochemical performance of the electrode was tested by the electrochemical workstation and the high performance battery detection system.It is found that the specific capacitance of the PANI/NiSe 2 composite can reach 142.5 F·g^(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A·g^(-1),which is nearly twice that of PANI(74.4 F·g^(-1))and NiSe 2(69.4 F·g^(-1)).After 1000 cycles,its specific capacitance retention rate is 89.8%,showing its good electrochemical performance.The composite of PANI/NiSe 2 has higher conductivity and larger electrochemical surface than the pure PANI and NiSe 2,which is an important reason for its enhanced capacitance performance.

关 键 词：聚苯胺 硒化镍 复合材料 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业]