光伏发电系统抑制电力系统功率振荡的机理  

Mechanism for Photovoltaic Generation System Suppressing Power System Oscillations

作　　者：柴华 张学军[1] 李明贤 唐震 郝捷 郑惠萍 CHAI Hua;ZHANG Xuejun;LI Mingxian;TANG Zhen;HAO Jie;ZHENG Huiping(School of Electric Power and Architecture,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi Province,China;College of Electrical and Power Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu Province,China;State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute,Taiyuan 030001,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学电力与建筑学院,山西省太原市030006 [2]中国矿业大学电气与动力工程学院,江苏省徐州市221116 [3]国网山西电力公司电力科学研究院,山西省太原市030001

出　　处：《电网技术》2021年第5期1809-1817,共9页Power System Technology

摘　　要：光伏(photovoltaic,PV)发电系统可通过动态调控注入电网的有功功率、无功功率来改善电力系统的功率平衡特性,从而抑制电网功率振荡现象。为揭示PV抑制电网功率振荡的机理,通过2个受控电流源来描述PV在机电时间尺度下的有功、无功功率输出特性,建立了PV抑制功率振荡时电网有功功率分布模型,利用电气转矩法分析了PV在振荡抑制模式下影响同步机系统惯量水平、阻尼能力以及同步特性的物理机制及其影响规律。研究结果表明:根据系统振荡过程中的转速、频率、功率、功角等特征量的变化趋势来动态调控PV输出的有功、无功功率,能改变系统的惯量水平、阻尼能力、同步特性,从而可对系统功率振荡的幅值、周期以及振幅的衰减速度进行有效的调控。Photovoltaic(PV)generation system can improve the power balance characteristics of the power system by dynamically adjusting the active power and reactive power injected into the grid,and suppress the power grid oscillation phenomenon.To reveal the mechanism of PV suppressing power system oscillations,this paper describes the active and reactive power output characteristics of PV through two controlled current sources under the electromechanical time scale.Based on this,the system active power distribution model of PV suppressing oscillation is established.The electrical torque method is used to analyze the physical mechanism of PV affecting the system inertia level,damping capacity,and synchronization characteristics and its influence law under the oscillation suppression mode.The research show that:If PV dynamically adjusts the active and reactive power output according to the change of the characteristic quantities such as speed,frequency,power,and power angle during the system oscillation process,the system inertia level,damping capacity,and synchronization characteristics will be equivalently enhanced.Therefore,PV can actively adjust the rotor speed oscillation amplitude,oscillation period and attenuation speed.

关 键 词：功率振荡 光伏发电系统 惯量水平 阻尼能力 同步特性 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]