质子重离子加速器治疗中感生放射性的测量与防护  

Measurement and Protection of Induced Radioactivity in Proton Heavy Ion Accelerator Therapy

作　　者：胡奇胜 杨军 HU Qisheng;YANG Jun(China Isotope&Radiation Corporation,Beijing 100089,China;The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]中国同辐股份有限公司,北京100089 [2]郑州大学第三附属医院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《同位素》2021年第3期215-220,共6页Journal of Isotopes

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划(182102310700)。

摘　　要：质子重离子治疗是当前国际公认最具优势的肿瘤放射治疗技术。由于质子重离子束能量较高,在束流损失能量过程中产生的次级中子使周围物质活化,从而产生感生放射性,可对工作人员和患者的健康带来威胁,因此需要重视与之相关的辐射防护。本文探讨质子重离子加速器治疗过程中感生放射性的产生原因与分布,通过蒙特卡罗模拟和测量得到次级中子的能量分布和辐射剂量,对终止照射后随时间变化的感生放射性剂量进行测量,并探讨有效的防护措施,为安全有效地进行质子重离子治疗提供保障。Proton-heavy ion therapy is internationally recognized as the most advantageous radiotherapy method in oncology.However,due to the relatively high energy of the proton-heavy ion beams,the secondary neutrons produced in the process of beam energy loss activate the surrounding materials and generate induced radioactivity,which is a threat to the health of staff and patients.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the related radiation protection.In this paper,the causes and distribution of induced radioactivity were explored.We estimated the energy distribution and radiation dosages of the secondary neutrons produced in proton-heavy ion therapy by performing measurements and MCNPX(Monte Carlo)simulations,and we also detected the radiation dosages of the induced radioactivity varying with time after irradiation.Finally,we discussed the effective radiation protection measures with the aim to reduce and avoid the health hazards from induced radioactivity to the staff and patients and provide practical guarantee for the safety and effectiveness of proton-heavy ion therapy.

关 键 词：质子重离子 放射治疗 感生放射性 辐射剂量 辐射防护 

分 类 号：TL752.2[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]