嘉陵江中游蓬安段鱼类群落组成与结构特征分析  

Study on Composition and Structural Characteristics of Fish Community for the Middle Reaches of Jialing River Pengan

作　　者：张倩[1,2] 曾燏 ZHANG Qian;ZENG Yu(College of Life Science,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan 637002,China;Southwest Branch of the National Freshwater Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center,Nanchong,Sichuan 637002,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637002 [2]国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心(武汉)西南分中心,四川南充637002

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2021年第5期36-40,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51779210,51309196)。

摘　　要：分析了嘉陵江中游蓬安段的鱼类群落组成和结构变化特征,以期为嘉陵江渔业资源保护提供基础数据。对2016年渔业资源调查的渔获物数据分析结果显示,蓬安段鱼类种类共有44种,隶属于3目6科36属44种,其中鲤形目有2科30属38种,鲇形目有2科4属4种,鲈形目有2科2属2种。相对重要性指数IRI大于1 000的优势种主要有6种鲤科(蛇鮈、魚、黄尾鲴、鲫、银飘鱼、鲤)和1种鲿科鱼类(大鳍鳠),说明蓬安段鱼类群落物种组成与结构单一(主要为鲤科鱼类);香农威纳指数季节波动明显,表现为夏季最高,然后依次为秋季、春季、冬季。将本文结果与历史资料相比较,嘉陵江中游蓬安段鱼类群落区系组成和物种数目均呈现减少的趋势,建议加强鱼类资源的保护。In order to provide basic data for the protection of fishery resources in Jialing River,the composition and structure of fish community for the middle reaches of Jialing River Peng'an were analyzed.According to the analysis of the catch data of 2016 fishery resources survey,there were 44 species of fish in Peng'an section,belonging to 3 orders,6 families and 36 genera.In Cypriniformes,there were 2 families,30 genera and 38 species;in Siluriformes,there were 2 families,4 genera and 4 species;in Perciformes,there were 2 families,2 genera and 2 species.There were mainly six species of Cyprinidae(Saurogobio dabryi,Hemiculter leucisculus,Xenocypris davidi,Carassius auratus,Pseudolaubuca sinensis,Cyprinus carpio)and one species of Bagridae(Mystus macropterus)which the IRI index greater than 1000,indicating that the species composition and structure of the community were single(mainly Cyprinidae).The Shannon-Wiener index was highest in summer,followed by autumn,spring,and winter.Compared with the historical data,the fish community composition and the number of species in the middle reaches of Jialing River Peng'an showed a decreasing trend,suggesting that the protection of fish resources should be strengthened.

关 键 词：嘉陵江 鱼类 群落组成 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] S931.1