贵金属纳米材料催化芳香族硝基化合物还原进展  

Progress in the catalytic reduction of nitroarene compounds by noble metal-based nanomaterials

作　　者：杨轶 董欣然 房泽旭 周晓光[1] 田春贵 YANG Yi;DONG Xinran;FANG Zexu;ZHOU Xiaoguang;TIAN Chungui(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry,Ministry of Education,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学化学化工与资源利用学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江大学功能无机材料化学教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2021年第2期164-175,共12页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目(91961111)。

摘　　要：随着现代工业的发展,大量的芳香族硝基化合物被排放到水中,造成水体污染。这些化合物毒性高、致病性强,而且降解周期长。因而,开发从水体中高效移除/转化这些化合物的技术十分必要。以NaBH4为还原剂的催化还原法可将芳香族硝基化合物转化为毒性小、容易降解转化且具有高附加值的氨基化合物,因而成为消除芳香族硝基化合物污染的一种有效途径。贵金属是重要的加氢还原反应催化剂,其催化性能受尺寸和形态等因素的影响。基于此,本文对贵金属基催化材料近期在该领域的研究进展进行了总结。主要从催化机制、非担载型贵金属催化剂和担载型催化剂几方面进行介绍,重点介绍了催化剂活性和稳定性的调节方法以及材料循环使用能力改善的策略,最后对该领域的发展趋势进行了展望。With the development of modern industry,a large number of nitroarene compounds are discharged into water,which lead to the pollution of waters.These compounds have high toxicity,strong pathogenicity and long degradation cycle.Therefore,it is urgent to develop efficient methods to remove/transform these compounds from water.The catalytic reduction method using NaBH4 as reducing agent can transform nitrocompounds into amino compounds with lower toxicity,higher added value and easier to be degraded,thus being an effective way to reduce the pollution of nitro compounds.Noble metal nanomaterials are important hydrogenation catalysts,and their catalytic performance is affected by the size and morphology.Based on this,authors summarize the research progress of noble metal-based catalysts in this field in recent years in this paper.The catalytic mechanism,unsupported noble metal catalysts and supported catalysts are introduced.The adjustment methods of the catalyst activity and stability and the improvement strategies for the recycling ability of the materials are introduced emphatically.Finally,the development trend of this field is prospected.

关 键 词：液相催化 芳香族硝基化合物 催化还原反应 贵金属 

分 类 号：O611[理学—无机化学]