INTENSIFICATION OF GRASSLAND-BASED DAIRY PRODUCTION AND ITS IMPACTS ON LAND,NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS USE EFFICIENCIES  

作　　者：Jouke OENEMA Oene OENEMA 

机构地区：[1]Wageningen Plant Research,Agrosystems Research,6700 AA Wageningen,the Netherlands [2]Wageningen Environmental Research,6700 AA Wageningen,the Netherlands

出　　处：《Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering》2021年第1期130-147,共18页农业科学与工程前沿（英文版）

摘　　要：Many grassland-based dairy farms are intensifying production,i.e.,produce more milk per ha of land in response to the increasing demand for milk(by about 2%per year)in a globalized market.However,intensive dairy farming has been implicated for its resources use,ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions,and eutrophication impacts.This paper addresses the question of how the intensity of dairy production relates to N and P surpluses and use efficiencies on farms subjected to agri-environmental regulations.Detailed monitoring data were analyzed from 2858 grassland-based dairy farms in The Netherlands for the year 2015.The farms produced on average 925 Mg·yr^(-1)milk.Milk production per ha ranged from<10 to>30 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1).Purchased feed and manure export strongly increased with the level of intensification.Surpluses of N and P at farm level remained constant and ammonia emissions per kg milk decreased with the level of intensification.In conclusion,N and P surpluses did not differ much among dairy farms greatly differing in intensity due to legal N and P application limits and obligatory export of manure surpluses to other farms.Further,N and P use efficiencies also did not differ among dairy farms differing in intensity provided the externalization of feed production was accounted for.This paper provides lessons for proper monitoring and control of N and P cycling in dairy farming.

关 键 词：ammonia EXTERNALIZATION feed forage maize front runners manure production milk yield nitrogen surplus 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]