苏联专家援建包头钢铁公司考略  

Study on the Construction of Baotou Iron and Steel Company aided by Soviet Experts

作　　者：武月清[1] 仪德刚[2,3] Wu Yueqing;Yi Degang(Inner Mongolia Technical College of Construction,Hohhot 010070,China;College of Science and Technology History,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010020,China;Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古建筑职业技术学院,呼和浩特010070 [2]内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,呼和浩特010020 [3]东华大学人文学院,上海200051

出　　处：《工程研究（跨学科视野中的工程）》2021年第1期74-86,共13页JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING STUDIES

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项基金项目(20131502110001)。

摘　　要：包头钢铁公司(简称包钢)是“一五”时期苏联重点援助钢铁项目之一,由苏联黑色冶金设计院完成初步设计方案,从选址到1号高炉出铁,都是在苏联专家指导下进行的。基于档案等文献资料对苏联专家从1953年参与包钢筹建到撤走的七年时间所做的具体工作进行了梳理,认为苏联专家援建包钢是包钢得以建立的重要因素,对于苏联钢铁技术向中国的转移起到了关键作用。苏联专家在包钢工作期间帮助包钢推广和采用了新技术,对加快包钢建设速度、节约原材料和国家资金、保证工程质量等均起到了积极的作用,也为包钢的后期发展打下了基础。Baotou Iron and Steel Company(hereinafter referred to as Baotou Steel)is one of the key iron and steel projects supported by the Soviet Union during the First Five-year Plan.The preliminary design plan was completed by the Soviet Ferrous Metallurgy Design Institute.From the site selection to the tapping of No.1 blast furnace,all the technical activities were carried out under the guidance of Soviet experts,helping Baotou Steel to train a number of professional technical cadres and workers.Consulting with archives,this paper reviews the spe-cific work done by Soviet experts from 1953,when Baotou Steel was prepared to be built,to the withdrawal of Soviet experts seven years later.The assistance was an important factor for the establishment of Baotou Steel,and played a key role in the transfer of Soviet steel technology to China.The suggestions put forward by Soviet ex-perts helped Baotou Steel to promote and adopt new technologies,which played a very important role in speeding up the construction of Baotou Steel,saving raw materials and state funds,ensuring the quality of the project,and laid a foundation for the later development of Baotou Steel.

关 键 词：苏联专家 包头钢铁公司 技术援助 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]