基于确定灵敏板的精馏实验设计  

Design of distillation experiment based on determination of sensitive plates

作　　者：周志伟[1] 武文良[1] ZHOU Zhiwei;WU Wenliang(College of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学化工学院,江苏南京211816

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2021年第4期71-75,共5页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(PPZY2019133);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(95)。

摘　　要：该文设计了一种用于确定连续分离乙醇与水体系具有16块塔板的精馏塔灵敏板的综合型实验。采用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件,在保持进料组成xF和进料位置不变的状况下,计算了3个不同回流比的塔板组成及塔板温度分布,通过分析各塔板的温差,可确定灵敏板的适宜位置;在保持回流比R和进料位置不变的状况下,计算了3个不同进料组成时的塔板组成及塔板温度分布,分析了灵敏板的适宜位置。计算结果表明,通过改变进料乙醇浓度或操作回流比,都能找出精馏塔灵敏板位置,其中降低进料乙醇浓度与减少回流比,灵敏板的温度变化更明显。整个实验包含了相对校正因子的测定、原料配置、气相色谱组成分析、泵的频率调节、加热电压调节、流量控制、温度测定等多学科知识点,综合训练了学生的操作能力、分析能力和判断能力。A comprehensive experiment based on determination of sensitive plate location for ethanol-water solutions by a continuous distillation column of 16 plates with reflux at atmosphere pressure is designed. The plate composition and the plate temperature distribution in the column at three reflux ratios are calculated by using Aspen Plus process simulation software under the constant feed composition xF and feed location, and the appropriate location of the sensitive plate in the column can be determined by analyzing the temperature difference of each plate. When the reflux ratio R and feed location are constant,the plate composition and plate temperature in the column at three feed composition are calculated, and the suitable location of the sensitive plate is analyzed. The calculation results show that sensitive plate location in the column can be found by changing the feed ethanol concentration or operating reflux ratio, and the temperature change of the sensitive plate is more obvious by reducing the feed ethanol concentration and the reflux ratio. This comprehensive experiment includes multidisciplinary knowledge points such as the determination of relative correction factors, preparation of raw material, composition analysis by chromatography, pump frequency regulation, heating voltage regulation, liquid flow control and temperature measurement for comprehensive training of students’ operation ability, analysis ability and judgment ability.

关 键 词：乙醇 水 精馏实验 灵敏板 稳态模拟 

分 类 号：TQ16.1[化学工程—高温制品工业]