P-I-N型锡铅钙钛矿太阳电池性能的限制因素及解决策略  

Limiting factors and improving solutions of P-I-N type tin-lead perovskite solar cells performance

作　　者：王俪璇 李仁杰 刘辉[1,2,3,4,5] 王鹏阳 石标[1,2,3,4,5] 赵颖 张晓丹 Wang Li-Xuan;Li Ren-Jie;Liu Hui;Wang Peng-Yang;Shi Biao;Zhao Ying;Zhang Xiao-Dan(Solar Energy Conversion Center,Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin,Tianjin 300350,China;Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education,Tianjin 300350,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin),Tianjin 300072,China;Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center,Nankai University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学,光电子薄膜器件与技术研究所,太阳能转换中心,天津300350 [2]天津市光电子薄膜器件与技术重点实验室,天津300350 [3]薄膜光电子技术教育部工程研究中心,天津300350 [4]化学科学与工程协同创新中心,天津300072 [5]南开大学可再生能源转换与储存中心,天津300072

出　　处：《物理学报》2021年第11期314-332,共19页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2018YFB1500103);国家自然科学基金(批准号:61674084);高等学校学科创新引智计划(111计划)(批准号:B16027);天津市军民融合科技重大专项(批准号:18ZXJMTG00220);中央高校基本科研业务费(批准号:63201171,63201173)资助的课题。

摘　　要：锡铅钙钛矿太阳电池已被证明可以用于全钙钛矿叠层太阳电池中,作为窄带隙底电池进一步提高器件光电转换效率.目前, P-I-N型锡铅钙钛矿太阳电池的最高效率为21.7%,明显低于铅基钙钛矿太阳电池.本文分析了限制其性能提高的主要因素,并针对性地总结了近几年研究工作者们提出的有效解决策略,主要包括:1)通过添加富锡化合物、强还原剂或含大的有机阳离子的化合物以抑制Sn^(2+)氧化,减少锡铅钙钛矿材料p型掺杂程度,降低电池开路电压损耗;2)通过调控组分、改变钙钛矿薄膜制备方法、溶剂工程或添加含功能性基团的化合物以延缓锡铅钙钛矿薄膜结晶生长速率,提高薄膜质量;3)通过选用合适的电子传输层或空穴传输层,减少能级失配对载流子传输的影响或避免载流子传输层的本身不稳定性对器件的影响.最后,本文展望了锡铅钙钛矿太阳电池的未来发展,认为其不仅有望实现高效稳定的单结太阳电池,而且还可以应用于高效全钙钛矿叠层太阳电池.In order to break through the limit of Shockley-Queisser(SQ)radiation and further improve the efficiency of perovskite solar cells,tin-lead perovskite solar cells have widely and successfully been used as narrowbandgap bottom cells in all-perovskite tandem solar cells.The highest efficiency of tin-lead perovskite solar cells has recently reached 21.7%,which,however,is still lower than that of lead-based perovskite solar cells.This article analyzes the main factors that limit the further improving of their performances,and summarizes the effective solutions proposed by researchers in recent years.The main points are as follows:1)by adding tin-rich additives,strong reducing agents or compounds containing large organic cations,Sn^(2+) oxidation is inhibited and the p-doped degree of tin-lead perovskite and the open-circuit voltage loss are reduced;2)through regulating the composition,changing the method of preparing the perovskite film,adding functional groups or solvent engineering,the crystallization rate of tin-lead perovskite film is delayed and the crystallization quality of the film is improved;3)by selecting an appropriate electron transport layer or hole transport layer the influence of energy level mismatch on carrier transport or the instability of carrier transport layer on devices can be avoided.Finally,the future development of Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells is prospected.It is believed that the tinlead perovskite solar cells can realize not only the high efficiency and stable single-junction solar cells,but also high efficiency perovskite-perovskite tandem solar cells.

关 键 词：锡铅钙钛矿 氧化 结晶质量 能级失配 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]