广西不同季节5龄蚕粪的真菌组成多样性解析  

Diversity of Fungal Composition of the 5th Instar Silkworm Feces in Different Seasons of Guangxi

作　　者：苏盼 陈宝婷 张玉梅[1] 徐俏兰 顾志敏[1] 丁林贤[2] 谢乃钧 张艳军[1] 张萍华[1] Su Pan;Chen Baoting;Zhang Yumei;Xu Qiaolan;Gu Zhimin;Ding Linxian;Xie Naijun;Zhang Yanjun;Zhang Pinghua(College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua Zhejiang 321004,China;School of Geography and Environmental Science,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua Zhejiang 321004,China;Xinsheng Silk Technology Co.Ltd.,Jingxi Guangxi 533800,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,浙江金华321004 [3]广西靖西鑫晟茧丝绸科技有限公司,广西靖西533800

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2021年第1期74-80,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY19C130002);广西靖西鑫晟茧丝绸科技有限公司课题(KJH2018036)。

摘　　要：为探明桑蚕粪便的真菌多样性及群落组成,利用高通量测序和平板分离技术分析广西春、夏、秋3季5龄蚕粪中的真菌类群。高通量测序结果表明,3个季节蚕粪样品中的真菌隶属于8门、31纲、77目、181科和311属,优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)(55.98%~84.50%)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)(6.31%~17.45%);3个季节蚕粪中真菌DNA序列的共有OTU聚类数为112个,只占总数的6.78%,表明不同季节之间真菌种类相似性指数低;秋季蚕粪中真菌群落丰富度与多样性均高于春、夏两季蚕粪;春、夏、秋3季的优势菌属分别为介球菌属(Plectosphaerella)(15.49%)、茎点霉属(Phoma)(18.94%)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)(21.15%)。通过平板分离共获得43株真菌,归属18个属,不同季节蚕粪的优势菌属不同,其中5个属(Naganishia、Meyerozyma、Neodidymella、Cephalosporium、Dirkmeia)在高通量测序中未检测到。研究结果表明蚕粪真菌多样性丰富,不同季节对蚕粪真菌的多样性与丰度有显著的影响,该结果有望为蚕沙的合理利用和综合处理提供理论基础。In order to ascertain the fungal diversity and community composition of silkworm feces,high-throughput sequencing and plate separation technology were used to analyze the fungal groups of the 5 th instar silkworm feces in spring,summer and autumn in Guangxi.The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the fungi in the silkworm feces samples from the three seasons belonged to 8 phyla,31 classes,77 orders,181 families and 311 genera.The dominant phyla were Ascomycota(55.98%—84.50%)and Basidiomycota(6.31%—17.45%).The fungal DNA sequences in silkworm feces of the three seasons shared 112 OTU clusters,accounting for only 6.78%of the total,indicating that the similarity index of fungal species between different seasons was low.The abundance and diversity of fungal communities in silkworm feces in autumn were higher than those in spring and summer.The dominant genera in spring,summer and autumn were Plectosphaerella(15.49%),Phoma(18.94%)and Fusarium(21.15%)respectively.A total of 43 fungus strains belonging to 18 genera were obtained by plate separation,with different dominant genera in different seasons.Among them,five genera(Naganishia,Meyerozyma,Neodidymella,Cephalosporium,Dirkmeia)were not detected in high-throughput sequencing.The research proved the rich fungal diversity in silkworm feces,showing that differences in seasons have significant impacts on the diversity and abundance of the fungi.The results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the rational utilization and comprehensive treatment of silkworm feces.

关 键 词：5龄蚕粪 不同季节 真菌多样性 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S886.9[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] S182[农业科学—畜牧兽医]