垂直轴风机叶片覆冰数值模拟及其气动性能研究  

Study on icing numerical simulation and its aerodynamic performance for the blades of vertical axis wind turbine

作　　者：张汉文 罗日成[1] 刘志勇 姜贻哲 Zhang Hanwen;Luo Richeng;Liu Zhiyong;Jiang Yizhe(College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《可再生能源》2021年第6期766-771,共6页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50977003);湖南省教育厅科研项目(15C0031)。

摘　　要：研究升力型垂直轴风机叶片的覆冰特性,为风机的防冰、除冰系统研发提供帮助。文章对垂直轴风机叶片的雾凇覆冰物理过程进行了分析,建立了风机叶片覆冰的数值计算模型。通过SST k-ω湍流模型求解旋转叶片周围的空气流场,利用拉格朗日法获得过冷却水滴的运动轨迹及碰撞情况,结合覆冰时间推进法得到叶片表面的覆冰形貌,并通过流场计算分析覆冰对风机气动性能的影响。利用该计算模型研究了不同叶片翼型、叶片数量以及叶尖速比λ对垂直轴风机叶片覆冰的影响。结果表明:当风机的λ增大时,风机叶片表面的覆冰更多的向叶片前缘尖端区域集中,叶片后缘的覆冰量减少;在同一覆冰条件下,不同叶片翼型、叶片数量和λ对垂直轴风机的整体覆冰量、单个叶片的覆冰量以及叶片表面的最大覆冰厚度均产生重要影响;不同叶片翼型、叶片数量和λ的风机的静态扭矩特性受覆冰影响差异大。The icing characteristics of lift-type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine(VAWT)blades can be used in the research and development of wind turbine anti-icing and de-icing system.Based on the analysis of rime ice accretion physical process of the VAWT blades,the article established the numerical calculation model for the ice-covering process of the VAWT.Specifically,the SST κ-ω turbulence model was adopted to simulate the air fluid field while Lagrange model was applied to calculate the move trajectories of the supercooled water droplets.The morphology of the icing on the VAWT blades surface was acquired by combining with the icing time propulsion method,and the effect of the icing on aerodynamic performance of the VAWT was obtained by flow field calculation.Based on the aforementioned model,the simulation investigation of the icing characteristics of the VAWT blades was performed to examine the effects of different blade airfoils,blade numbers and tip speed ratios.The results indicate that when the tip speed ratio of the VAWT increases,the icing on the VAWT blades surface is more accumulated towards the tip of the blade,and the icing on the trailing edge of the blade decreases.It is found that under the same icing conditions,different blade airfoils,blade numbers and tip speed ratios have an important influence on the overall icing mass of the VAWT,the icing mass of a single blade and the maximum ice thickness of the icing on the blade surface.The static torque characteristics of the VAWT with different blade airfoils,blade numbers and tip speed ratios are greatly affected by the icing.

关 键 词：垂直轴风机 覆冰 数值模拟 过冷却水滴 静态扭矩特性 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]