中国及周边国家出境旅游市场互动格局动态研究  

STUDY ON INTERACTIVE PATTERN AND DYNAMIC TRANSITION OF OUTBOUND TOURISM MARKET IN CHINA AND ITS SURROUNDING COUNTRIES

作　　者：马晓龙[1] 陈泠静 魏楠 张丽甜 MA Xiao-long;CHEN Ling-jing;WEI Nan;ZHANG Li-tian(School of Tourism and Service,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学旅游与服务学院,天津300350

出　　处：《人文地理》2021年第2期155-163,共9页Human Geography

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(20YJCZH076);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(63192810)。

摘　　要：研究国家间出境旅游市场作用关系是经略周边的重要手段,对国家战略的落实具有重要意义。本研究选取位于亚太地区的22个国家,以联合国世界旅游组织公布的1995年、2005年、2017年数据为基础,采用社会网络分析法,对各国在出境旅游市场互动中的特征变迁进行刻画。结果显示:23年来,中国及周边国家的整体互动水平不断提升。时间截面上,各国的国际地位两级分化;动态性角度,市场引领者经历由印度到中国,再到俄罗斯等四国的转变。中国的国际地位先上升后下降。研究认为,中国的地位上升是经济发展和出境政策宽松化的结果;而地位下降是出境客流集中、缺乏广泛交流所导致。因此,合理引导出境旅游客流分配,对提高中国的国际影响力具有深远意义。The research on the relationship among countries’ outbound tourism market is an important means of precision marketing and circumferential management, which is of great significance to the implementation of national strategies. Based on the tourism data of 1995, 2005, and 2017 released by UNWTO, 22 countries in the Asian-Pacific region are selected to construct the interactive networks. Using the centrality analysis of social network analysis, three indicators are chosen including degree centrality, closeness centrality and betweenness centrality to show the relatedness, accessibility, and interactivity characteristics of outbound tourism networks, aiming to find the power position and its transition of the countries in the region.The research results show that, in the past 23 years, the communication of China and its surrounding countries improves, countries participant in the interactions actively to share the benefits of international tourism.From the results of cross-section data, the interactive pattern is rather polarized. Several strong countries dominant and weak countries follow. The international status and influence of China rise firstly and then fall.According to the research results, the reasons of the rise of China’s status from 1995 to 2005 are economic development and open foreign policy. And the fall of China’s status from 2005 to 2017 is mainly because that Chinese outbound passenger flows are mainly concentrated in East Asia and Southeast Asia, lacking extensive exchanges with other regions, while the outbound tourism exchanges of other countries in the region are expanding and outbound passenger flows are gradually dispersing during this period.

关 键 词：出境旅游 互动格局 动态性变迁 2-模网络分析 

分 类 号：F591[经济管理—旅游管理]