陕西省咸阳市2016-2020监测年度流感流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza during 2016 and 2020 influenza season in Xianyang city,China

作　　者：陈斌 张俊君[2] 王士峰 秦龙[2] 史伟[1] 张蕾[1] 余鹏博[1] CHEN Bin;ZHANG Jun-jun;WANG Shi-feng;QIN Long;SHI Wei;ZHANG Lei;YU Peng-bo(Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054 [2]咸阳市疾病预防控制中心,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第10期1729-1733,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治项目(No.2018ZX10713002);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2020JM-700)。

摘　　要：目的分析陕西省咸阳市近4个监测年度流感型别分布和流行特征,为防控措施制定提供科学参考。方法对《中国流感监测信息系统》中咸阳市2016-2020监测年度国家级流感监测哨点医院报告的流感样病例(ILI)和流感监测网络实验室的病原学检测结果进行描述性分析。结果 4个监测年度共报告ILI 26 822例,总流感样病例比例(ILI%)为3.66%,ILI%流行趋势呈明显的冬春季流行高峰;流感监测网络实验室共检测ILI标本6 045例,检出阳性标本835例(阳性率为13.81%),阳性标本以A(H3N2)最多,共计362例(43.35%);各监测年度的优势流行株在A(H3N2)、A(H1N1)pdm09与B(Yamagata)之间交替出现,其中2016-2017和2019-2020监测年度优势流行株为A(H3N2)亚型,占比分别为78.32%和88.50%,2017-2018监测年度以B(Yamagata)(45.98%)和A(H1N1)pdm09(32.59%)为主,2018-2019监测年度优势流行株为A(H1N1)pdm09(62.69%);4个监测年度流感流行高峰均以冬春季(10月-次年4月)为主;流感阳性病例在性别、年龄和职业分布上的差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.001)。结论咸阳市流感流行具有明显季节性和特定人群高发,流行期主要分布在冬春季(10月-次年4月),0~14岁儿童和学生为重点防控对象,且男性占比高于女性。今后的防控工作中应继续加强流感监测,密切关注优势流行株的变化趋势。高发季节,应针对高发人群,采取积极有效的干预措施,加强防控工作。Objective To analyze the distribution and epidemiological characteristics of influenza types in the last four surveillance years in Xianyang city,Shaanxi Province,and to provide scientific reference for the development of prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive analysis of influenza-like cases(ILI)reported by national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals and pathogenic test results from influenza surveillance network laboratories in Xianyang city for the 2016-2020 surveillance years in the China Influenza Surveillance Information System was performed.Results A total of 26822 ILI cases were reported in the four surveillance years,and the proportion of total influenza-like cases(ILI%)was 3.66%,with a clear winter-spring epidemic peak in ILI%epidemic trend;6045 ILI specimens were tested in the influenza surveillance network laboratory,and 835 positive specimens were detected(positive rate of 13.81%),with the most positive specimens for A(H3N2),totaling 362(43.35%);the predominant epidemic strain in each surveillance year alternated between A(H3N2),A(H1N1)pdm09 and B(Yamagata),of which the predominant epidemic strain in the surveillance years 2016-2017 and 2019-2020 was subtype A(H3N2),accounting for 78.32%and 88.50%,with B(Yamagata)(45.98%)and A(H1N1)pdm09(32.59%)predominating in the 2017-2018 surveillance year and A(H1N1)pdm09 in the 2018-2019 surveillance year(62.69%);the influenza epidemic peaks in all four surveillance years were dominated by winter and spring(October to April);the differences in the distribution of influenza-positive cases by gender,age and occupation were statistically significant(all P<0.001).Conclusion Influenza epidemic in Xianyang city has obvious seasonality and high prevalence in specific populations,and the epidemic period is mainly distributed in winter and spring(October to April),with children and students aged 0-14 years as the key prevention and control targets,and the proportion of males is higher than that of females.Future prevention and control efforts should c

关 键 词：流感 流感病毒 流感监测 流行特征 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学] R183.3[医药卫生—基础医学]