拉直机钳口自锁及拉断预防与保护关键技术研究  

Key technology research on self-locking of stretcher pliers and pull-broken preventive protect

作　　者：代英男 张大维 杨作为 钟伟添 刘俊平[2] DAI Ying-nan;ZHANG Da-wei;YANG Zuo-wei;ZHONG Wei-tian;LIU Jun-ping(Liaoning Zhongwang Machinery Equipment Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Liaoyang 111003,China;China National Heavy Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁忠旺机械设备制造有限公司,辽宁辽阳111003 [2]中国重型机械研究院股份公司,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《重型机械》2021年第3期65-68,共4页Heavy Machinery

摘　　要：针对拉直机在实际应用过程中出现因钳口夹不紧、型材被拉断而造成设备损坏的问题,本文采用钳口自锁夹紧的结构设计,通过合理减小楔形角度、夹紧油缸工作过程中的位移微量补偿,使拉伸过程中钳口越夹越紧,有效防止“脱齿”;采用超长度拉伸时强制低速模式、主油缸拉伸过程中稳压补偿、拉伸力及速度自动补偿匹配、形变掉压后中断保护的控制方法,预防型材被拉断,避免产生拉断冲击力;采用有杆腔拉伸的布置形式、液压系统压-流-泵-阀的联控模式、夹紧油缸高压时的泄压保护,减小型材拉断后产生的冲击力,以及冲击力对设备的损伤。最终提高设备拉伸过程的稳定性,降低设备损坏及故障率。该研究对今后合理设计拉直机具有一定参考及借鉴意义。To address this issue on that stretcher cannot clamp tightly or the alloy profiles can be broken when actually pulling process,this paper adopted the self-lock pliers clamping structure.It designed the structure whose wedge-shape angle was reduced reasonable and clamped hydraulic cylinder’s displacement was compensated slightly,and the structure could make pliers clamp tightly and tightly when stretching that could prevent drop from pliers efficiently.It used control methods which were forcible low velocity mode when stretching the extra length profile,stretching hydraulic cylinder could obtain stable pressure compensating when stretching,stretching force could match velocity in compensation and emergency stop protection when profile occurred deformation and pulled force reducing,and these methods could prevent the profile been pulled broken and avoid generating the tensile breaking force.This paper adopted hydraulic system control modes which were the rod-chamber hydraulic stretching mechanism,hydraulic system’s pressure-flow-pump-valve associated control mode and hydraulic system which had depressure protect function when the clamped hydraulic cylinder pressure is high,these control modes could reduce the impact force after the profile was pulled broken or damage for equipment.All above methods could improve stretcher stretching stability and reduce damage or malfunction frequency.The research will have the reference significance for stretcher design in the future.

关 键 词：拉伸 自锁 预防 补偿 保护 

分 类 号：TG115[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]