2020年四川省法定传染病疫情分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Notifiable Infectious Diseases in Sichuan Province in 2020

作　　者：张云娜[1] 吕强[1] 李蔚 李羚[1] 杜飞[1] 彭艳秋 马瑶 刘燕 ZHANG Yunna;LYU Qiang;LI Wei;LI Ling;DU Fei;PENG Yanqiu;MA Yao;LIU Yan(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2021年第5期621-628,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析四川省2020年报告法定传染病疫情特点,为传染病防控提供科学依据。方法用描述性研究的方法对传染病发病概况、地区特征、人群特征以及时间特征进行分析。结果四川省2020年无甲类传染病报告,乙类传染病报告164173例,发病率193.09/10万,与前五年平均发病率(417.56/10万)持平;丙类传染病报告145300例,发病率173.49/10万,低于前五年平均发病率(224.47/10万)。肠道传染病1-9月发病较少,10-12月出现一个超高峰;呼吸道传染病1月发病较多,但2月以后发病数急剧减少;自然疫源及虫媒传染病8-9月为发病高峰;血源及性传播传染病无明显季节性。甲乙类传染病男女报告发病率比为1.62∶1,病例较多的为农民和家务及待业。2020年丙类传染病男女报告发病率比为1.14∶1,发病以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主。结论2020年受新冠肺炎疫情影响,四川省的法定传染病发病情况不同于往年。新冠肺炎的一些防控措施对阻断呼吸道传染病及肠道传染病的传播有积极作用,对以后的防控工作有所启示。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Sichuan Province in 2020 so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.Methods Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the general situation,regional characteristics,population characteristics and time characteristics of infectious diseases.Results There was no report of Class A infectious diseases.The reported incidence of Class B infectious diseases was 193.09 per 105,which was the same as the average incidence in the previous five years.The reported incidence of Class C infectious diseases was 173.49 per 105,which was lower than the average incidence in the previous five years.The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases was low from January to September,and a peak appeared from October to December.The incidence of respiratory infectious diseases was high in January,but the incidence decreased sharply after February.The incidence peak of natural focus and insect-borne diseases was from August to September.No obvious seasonality was observed in blood origin and sexually transmitted diseases.The ratio of reported incidence of Class B infectious diseases was 1.62∶1 between males and females,and majority of cases were farmers,household workers and unemployed.In 2020,the ratio of reported incidence of Class C infectious diseases was 1.14∶1 between males and females,and most cases were scattered children and kindergartens.Conclusion Due to COVID-19 epidemic,the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Sichuan province is different from that in previous years in 2020.Some prevention and control measures of Covid-19 have a positive effect on blocking the transmission of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases,and provide insights for future prevention and control work.

关 键 词：法定传染病 流行特征 新型冠状病毒肺炎 肠道传染病 呼吸道传染病 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]