湖北省15岁以上男性居民吸烟状况及影响因素分析  

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Smoking Among Male Residents Over 15 Years in Hubei Province

作　　者：马丽娜[1] 罗彦[1] 周亮 黄希骥[1] 卞晨阳 徐静东[1] MA Lina;LUO Yan;ZHOU Liang;HUANG Xiji;BIAN Chenyang;XU Jingdong(Hubei Center For Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2021年第5期684-689,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析湖北省15岁以上男性吸烟行为及其影响因素,为开展控烟干预提供依据。方法2017年获取具有湖北省省级代表性样本开展调查,采用PPS法抽取湖北省24个监测点的72个街道(乡镇),在每个街道(乡镇)采用PPS法抽取2个社区(村),对社区(村)进行绘图列表,采用简单随机抽样在每个居委会(村)抽取50个家庭户,电脑随机确定1名调查对象填写问卷。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行样本加权及统计分析。结果本次调查15岁及以上男性居民共计3113人,加权后,城市人群(57.11%),农村人群(42.89%);45~64岁群体(36.36%),文化程度以初中为主(32.29%)。湖北省15岁以上男性现在每日吸烟率为39.59%,现在偶尔吸烟率为7.73%,戒烟率为7.51%;影响吸烟行为的单因素和Logistic多因素分析显示,城乡分布、年龄、文化程度、职业以及危害认知是影响湖北省15岁以上男性吸烟的主要因素,农村男性吸烟率高于城市男性,45~64岁人群的每日吸烟率最高为50.87%;戒烟率随年龄的增长而上升,离退休人员的戒烟率最高为22.21%;吸烟者戒烟意愿偏低,仅有7.10%的现在吸烟者在过去12个月里尝试过戒烟。结论湖北省15岁以上男性吸烟现状仍不容乐观,需针对重点人群强化烟草危害、戒烟干预以及戒烟门诊服务的宣教,提高人群健康意识和健康责任。Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of smoking behaviors among males over 15 years in Hubei Province so as to provide the basis for tobacco control intervention.Methods In 2017,72 streets(towns)of 24 monitoring points were selected by using proportional probability sampling(PPS)method in Hubei Province.Then,2 committees(villages)were selected from each street(town)by using PPS method.After making the drawing lists of the committees(villages),50 households were selected from each community(village)by simple random sampling method.Finally,one subject was randomly selected to fill in the questionnaire.SPSS 22.0 software was used for sample weighting and statistical analysis.Results Totally,3113 male residents aged over 15 years were surveyed.After weighted,the urban population accounted for57.11%,whereas the rural population accounted for 42.89%.Most participants aged from 45 to 64 years,accounting for 36.36%.The education level was mainly junior high school,accounting for 32.29%.In Hubei Province,the daily smoking rate is 39.59%,the occasional smoking rate is 7.7%and the smoking cessation rate is 7.51%for men over the age of 15 years.Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis showed that urban and rural distribution,age,education,occupation and hazard perception were the main factors of smoking among men over the age of 15 years in Hubei province.The smoking rate of rural men was higher than that of urban men.The smoking cessation rate increased with age,and the highest rate of smoking cessation among retired people was 22.21%.Smokers are less willing to quit,with only 7.10%of current smokers having tried to quit in the past 12 months.Conclusion The status of smoking among males aged over 15 years is still not optimistic in Hubei province.It is necessary to strengthen the education of tobacco hazard,smoking cessation intervention and smoking cessation outpatient service for key population aiming to improve the health awareness and responsibility of the population.

关 键 词：男性 吸烟率 戒烟率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]