基于移动锚点的三维无线传感网节点定位算法研究  

Node Localization Algorithm of 3D Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Mobile Anchor

作　　者：王群[1] 陈友荣[1] 陈浩 苏子漪[1] 刘半藤[1] 万锦昊 WANG Qun;CHEN Yourong;CHEN Hao;SU Ziyi;LIU Banteng;WAN Jinhao(College of Information Science and Technology,Zhejiang Shuren University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 3100151 China;School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence,Changzhou University,Changzhou Jiangsu 2131641 China)

机构地区：[1]浙江树人大学信息科技学院,浙江杭州310015 [2]常州大学计算机与人工智能学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2021年第3期391-399,共9页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ18F030005);浙江省公益技术研究计划项目(LGG20F020014);浙江省教育厅项目(Y202045157)。

摘　　要：考虑在三维环境下移动锚点辅助定位传感节点的场景,提出一种基于移动锚点的三维无线传感网节点定位算法(NLA_3D)。在NLA_3D算法中,移动锚点在随机移动探测的过程中,获知未定位传感节点所在连接树的所有传感节点信息,建立最小化移动路径长度和定位误差的优化模型,并引入遗传算法思想,提出一种混合海洋捕食者算法求解优化模型,即将遗传算法的变异操作认为是布朗运动,将遗传算法的交叉操作认为是莱维运动,并计算移动锚点的最优移动路径。移动锚点在最优移动路径上提供不共面的参考位置信息。因此未定位传感节点能够根据移动锚点或已定位传感节点位置信息,采用极大似然估计算法计算自身位置坐标。仿真结果表明:NLA_3D算法可定位监测区域内所有传感节点,增加传感节点的平均锚点位置个数和降低平均节点定位误差,比RAND、GREED和LMPS算法更优。Consider the scene that mobile anchor assists positioning the sensor nodes in 3D wireless sensor networks,we propose a node localization algorithm of 3D wireless sensor networks based on mobile anchor(NLA_3D).In the NLA_3D algorithm,the mobile anchor gets all the unlocated sensor node’s information in the connection tree during random movement detection,and establishes an optimization model that minimizes the movement path length and the positioning error.Then we introduce the idea of genetic algorithm,and propose the hybrid marine predator algorithm to solve the optimization model.That is,it regards the mutation operation of genetic algorithm as Brownian motion,and regards the crossover operation of genetic algorithm as Lévy motion.Then it calculates the optimal path of the mobile anchor.The mobile anchor provides non-coplanar reference position information on the optimal path.So the unlocated sensor node uses the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm to calculate its position coordinates according to the positions of the mobile anchor or the located sensor nodes.The simulation results show that NLA_3D algorithm can locate all sensor nodes in the monitoring area.It also increases the average number of anchor positions for sensor nodes,and reduces the average node location error.NLA_3D algorithm is better than RAND,GREED and LMPS algorithms.

关 键 词：三维无线传感网 移动锚点 节点定位 海洋捕食者算法 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]