小黑麦、黑麦草与光叶紫花苕不同播种模式下的生产性能研究  

Study on the production performance of triticale,ryegrass and vicia villosa under different seeding modes

作　　者：王荣蛟 和世春[1] 刘为萌 黄丹 莫苏 和少英[1] 郭太情 黄秀君 陈昌国 宋定州[2] 全伟 毛华明[1] WANG Rongjiao;HE Shichun;LIU Weimeng;HUANG Dan;MO Su;HE Shaoying;GUO Taiqing;HUANG Xiujun;CHEN Changguo;SONG Dingzhou;QUAN Wei;MAO Huaming(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Panzhihua Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Panzhihua 617000,China;Yunnan Rural Science and Technology Service Center,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201 [2]攀枝花市农林科学研究院,四川攀枝花617000 [3]云南省农村科技服务中心,昆明650201

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第9期104-111,115,共9页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：云南省现代农业奶牛产业技术体系建设项目(2019KJTX0014)。

摘　　要：为了解小黑麦、黑麦草单播及与光叶紫花苕混播的产量、营养成分以及体外消化率的变化,试验选取黑麦草冬牧70、小黑麦WOH830、小黑麦WOH939、小黑麦NTH139、小黑麦OH1621、光叶紫花苕6种牧草进行单播,选择小黑麦WOH939和黑麦草冬牧70分别与光叶紫花苕按不同比例(7∶3、6∶4)混播,对单播与混播产量、营养状况、体外干物质消化率(IVDMD)、体外有机物消化率(IVOMD)、总可消化养分(TDN)和产奶净值(NE)进行测定,计算叶面积指数,对各营养成分指标与IVDMD、IVOMD进行相关性分析。结果表明:小黑麦WOH939、黑麦草冬牧70与光叶紫花苕混播均可提高部分牧草产量。黑麦草冬牧70与光叶紫花苕混播叶面积指数高于黑麦草冬牧70单播。IVDMD、IVOMD与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)、不溶性灰分(AIA)含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);与粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗灰分(Ash)含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。在孕穗期小黑麦WOH939与光叶紫花苕混播比小黑麦WOH939单播CP含量高,但同时改变NDF、ADF等含量,IVDMD、IVOMD下降。说明混播能提高牧草产量,但不是所有品种间的混播都有利于IVDMD、IVOMD的提高。In order to understand the changes in the yield,nutrients and in vitro digestibility of triticale and ryegrass in single seeding and mixed seeding with vicia villosa,6 kinds of forage grass were selected ryegrass Dongmu 70,triticale WOH830,triticale WOH939,triticale NTH139,triticale OH1621,viola villosa for single seeding in the experiment,triticale WOH939 and ryegrass Dongmu 70 were selected with viola villosa for mixed seeding in different proportions(7∶3,6∶4).Yield,nutritional status,in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD),in vitro organic matter digestibility(IVOMD),total digestible nutrients(TDN)and net milk production(NE)were measured under single seeding and mixed seeding,the leaf area index was calculated,the correlation between each nutrient component index and IVDMD,IVOMD was analyzed.The results showed that the mixed sowing of triticale WOH939,ryegrass Dongmu 70 and vetch villosa could increase the yield of some forages.The leaf area index of mixed ryegrass Dongmu 70 and vetch villosa was higher than that of unicast ryegrass Dongmu 70.IVDMD and IVOMD were significantly negatively correlated with neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),acid detergent lignin(ADL),and insoluble ash(AIA)content(P<0.01);and were significantly positively correlated with crude protein(CP),crude fat(EE),and crude ash(Ash)content(P<0.01).In the pregnancy and benefit period,the mixed sowing of triticale WOH939 and vetch villosa was higher than that of triticale WOH939 unicast,but at the same time changing the content of NDF and ADF,IVDMD and IVOMD decrease.The results indicated that mixed seeding could increase the yield of forage,but not all mixed seeding between varieties were beneficial to the improvement of IVDMD and IVOMD.

关 键 词：黑麦草 小黑麦 光叶紫花苕 单播 混播 生育期 叶面积指数 体外干物质消化率 体外有机物消化率 

分 类 号：S512.4[农业科学—作物学] S543.6