三峡库区村镇水源中典型水华藻种PAC混凝去除效果比较研究  

Comparative Study on Removal Efficiency of Typical Bloom Algae by PAC Coagulation in Source Water of Villages and Towns in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：郭子秋 陈杰[1] 田梦[1] 赵彬[1] 安强[1] GUO Ziqiu;CHEN Jie;TIAN Meng;ZHAO Bin;AN Qiang(Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2021年第5期838-845,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAJ25B09);国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1100504,2019YFD1100501)。

摘　　要：选取三峡库区村镇水源水中5种典型水华藻种(小球藻、衣藻、小环藻、针杆藻和光甲藻)为材料。比较研究了不同剂量的聚合氯化铝(PAC)对于这些藻种细胞(叶绿素a和浊度)的去除效果,以及混凝沉淀后絮体结构、形态的差异,以筛选典型水华藻种混凝去除的适宜PAC投加量。结果显示:(1)实验所选藻种形态差异明显,针杆藻呈长线形结构,小环藻呈短圆柱形结构,小球藻、衣藻和光甲藻呈球形或椭圆形,光甲藻和针杆藻细胞相对最大。(2)光甲藻和针杆藻PAC混凝去除效果最好,小球藻和衣藻次之,小环藻相对不易取得良好的混凝去除效果;PAC混凝去除效果与藻类形态特征有关。(3)针杆藻和光甲藻容易形成大而密实的絮体,小球藻和衣藻形成的絮体相对较小,小环藻絮体形成能力最弱。(4)光甲藻和针杆藻适宜的PAC投加量范围为15~80 mg/L,小球藻为15~50 mg/L,衣藻为15~65 mg/L,小环藻为50~80 mg/L;在适宜的PAC投加范围内,各试验藻液叶绿素a和浊度的去除率分别达到81%~97%和76%~97%。研究表明,PAC混凝沉淀法可用于去除三峡库区村镇水源水中5种典型水华藻种,但各藻种的适宜投加量存在差异,适量PAC均可使各藻液中的叶绿素a和浊度有效降低。Five typical bloom algae species(Chlorella,Chlamydomonas,Cyclotella,Synedra,Glenodinium)in the source water of villages and towns in the Three Gorges Reservoir area were selected as materials.The effect of different doses of PAC(poly aluminum chloride)on the removal of these algae cells(chlorophyll-a and turbidity),as well as the differences in the structure and morphology of the flocs after coagulation and sedimentation,were compared,and the appropriate PAC dosage for removal the coagulation of typical algae species was screened.The results showed that:(1)the morphological structure of the selected algae species in the experiment are obviously different,Synedra has a long linear structure,Cyclotella has a short cylindrical structure,and Chlorella,Chlamydomonas and Glenodinium are spherical or elliptical.Cells of Synedra and Glenodinium are relatively the largest.(2)The PAC removal efficiency of Synedra and Glenodinium was the best,followed by Chlorella and Chlamydomonas,while the good PAC removal efficiency of Cyclotella was relatively difficult to achieve.The removal efficiency of PAC is related to the morphological characteristics of algae.(3)Synedra and Glenodinium were prone to form large and dense flocs.Chlorella and Chlamydomonas formed relatively small flocs,and Cyclotella has the weakest ability to form flocs.(4)The appropriate dosage of PAC was 15-80 mg/L for Synedra and Glenodinium,15-50 mg/L for Chlorella,15-65 mg/L for Chlamydomonas and 50-80 mg/L for Cyclotella.Within the appropriate PAC dosing range,the removal rates of Chl-a and turbidity of each algae reached 81%-97%and 76%-97%,respectively.It can be seen that the PAC coagulation sedimentation method can be used to remove 5 typical blooms and algae species in the water source water of villages and towns in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,but the appropriate dosage of each algae species is different.Appropriate amount of PAC can effectively reduce the Chl-a and turbidity in each algae liquid.

关 键 词：聚合氯化铝(PAC) 水华藻种 叶绿素A 浊度 絮体 

分 类 号：Q949.2[生物学—植物学] Q948.8