基于水体盐度和水文结构的滨海湿地海陆水文连通性  

Sea-land hydrological connectivity of coastal wetlands based on water salinity and hydrological structure

作　　者：徐嘉仪 李玉凤 邱春琦 刘红玉 周奕 宋庆男 吴涵 XU Jia-yi;LI Yu-feng;QIU Chun-qi;LIU Hong-yu;ZHOU Yi;SONG Qing-nan;WU Han(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographical Environment,School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Geographic Information Resources Development and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center,Nanjing 210023,China;Cultivation and Construction of National Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Evolution in Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210023,China;College of Marine Science and Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京210023 [2]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 [3]江苏省地理环境演化国家重点实验室培育建设点,南京210023 [4]南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院,南京210023

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2021年第5期1643-1652,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871188,31570459);江苏省重点研发项目(BE2018681);江苏省自然资源发展专项(JSZRHYKJ202003)资助。

摘　　要：以水体盐度作为核心指标,综合水文结构连通指标(沟渠水面率、进出水渠密度、海陆距离以及沟塘距离)构建海陆水文连通性指数。在多尺度空间分析的基础上,选择150 m×150 m网格作为评价单元,对研究区内海陆水文连通性进行空间定量分析和等级划分。结果表明:研究区海陆水文连通性由海向陆逐渐递减,但递减速率存在差异,这是由于研究区内水体盐度空间分异明显,对水文连通性变化速率造成一定影响。将海陆水文连通性划分为优、良、中、差4个等级,优与良所在区域主要分布在近海地区,土地利用类型以咸水养殖塘和农田为主;中与差所在区域主要分布在内陆地区,土地利用类型以淡水养殖塘和农田为主。滨海湿地的水文过程十分复杂,定量化滨海湿地海陆水文连通性能够为滨海湿地现状评估以及湿地修复提供参考资料。In this study, with water salinity as the core index, sea-land hydrological connectivity index was constructed by integrating the hydrological structure connectivity index(water surface ratio, intake and outtake density, sea-land distance, and ditch distance). Based on multi-scale spatial analysis, we carried out the spatial quantitative analysis and classification of sea-land hydrological connectivity in the study area under an evaluation unit of 150 m×150 m grid. The results showed that sea-land hydrological connectivity gradually decreased from sea to land, with different decreasing rates. The spatial differentiation of water salinity in the study area was substantial, with certain impacts on the change rate of hydrological connectivity. The sea-land hydrological connectivity was divided into four grades, which was excellent, good, medium, and poor. The areas under excellent and good grades were mainly distributed in offshore areas, with saltwater aquaculture ponds and farmland as the main land use types. The regions with moderate and poor land use were mainly distributed in inland areas, with freshwater aquaculture ponds and farmland as the land use types. The hydrological process of coastal wetlands was complex. Quantitative coastal wetland hydrological connectivity could provide reference for coastal wetland status assessment and wetland restoration.

关 键 词：水体盐度 遥感反演 水文连通性 沟渠 滨海湿地 

分 类 号：P715.7[天文地球—海洋科学] P731.12