基于无人机影像的冰面流速与高程变化提取方法  

Monitoring glacier surface velocity and ablation using high-resolution UAV imagery

作　　者：符茵 刘巧[2] 刘国祥 张波 蔡嘉伦 王晓文 张瑞 FU Yin;LIU Qiao;LIU Guoxiang;ZHANG Bo;CAI Jialun;WANG Xiaowen;ZHANG Rui(Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of High-Speed Rail Safety,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院,成都611756 [2]中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [3]高速铁路运营安全空间信息技术国家地方联合工程实验室,成都611756

出　　处：《地理学报》2021年第5期1245-1256,共12页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0502700);国家自然科学基金项目(41771402,41871069,41804009);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(P2018G004);四川省科技计划(2018JY0564)。

摘　　要：无人机遥感能够获取高精度、高分辨率的冰川表面三维形态,有助于揭示冰川的运动和消融变化,现已成为冰川变化监测的重要技术支撑。针对无人机高分辨率影像能够有效识别表碛覆盖型冰川表面细节特征点的优势,本文引入金字塔影像集和最小二乘匹配方法联合开展特征点的追踪,用以实现冰川表面特征点三维位移场提取和动态变化分析。以贡嘎山贡巴冰川冰舌区作为典型研究区域,利用高分辨率无人机影像生成消融期前后(2018年6月9日和10月17日)的正射影像数据和数字表面模型,基于2期正射影像提取冰川表面特征点并实施追踪以获得三维位移场,在此基础上初步探明贡巴冰川冰舌段表面位移速率最大为7.51 cm/d,垂向消融速率超过11 cm/d。本文相关研究数据和结果可为冰川及复杂地形山区地质灾害的监测提供参考。Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) has been developed to obtain high-precision, highresolution and three-dimensional(3 D) dynamic of glacier surface, which is helpful for revealing the movement and melting of glaciers, so it has become an important technology for glaciology researches. Because the high-resolution image data can be used to effectively identify the detailed features on the surface of the debris-covered glaciers, this study employed the pyramid image set combined with the least square matching(LSM) method to track the feature points of 3 D displacement field. We acquired digital orthophoto map(DOM) and digital surface model(DSM) by UAV mapping at the lower part of Gongba Glacier, Mt. Gongga, on June 9 and October 17, 2018. Feature points were extracted and tracked to obtain a 3 D glacier surface displacement field, which suggests that the mean surface displacement velocity was7.51 cm/d and the ablation was over 11 cm/d at the glacier tongue. This study provides effective reference for monitoring glaciers and glacial related hazards in steep terrain regions and unreachable mountainous areas.

关 键 词：无人机 最小二乘匹配 金字塔影像 贡巴冰川 冰川消融 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]