女性医护人员生殖健康状况分析  

Analysis on reproductive health status of female medical staff

作　　者：邢再玲[1] 俞文兰[1] 徐茗[1] 于常艳[1] 李雪霏 XING Zai-ling;YU Wen-lan;XU Ming;YU Chang-yan;LI Xue-fei(National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2021年第2期109-111,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：社科基金人口学项目——现代职业模式对妇女生育力的影响及对策研究(编号:18BRK038);卫健委项目——典型行业噪声危害及女工生殖健康流行病学专项调查(编号:131031109000160009)。

摘　　要：目的研究分析女性医护人员生殖健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查方法,于2016年1—11月对7 602名女性医护人员生殖健康状况进行调查。利用《女工生殖健康调查问卷》收集人口学信息、工作方式及生殖状况等数据,采用χ2检验进行妇科疾病、月经异常、不孕、不良妊娠结局患病率等生殖健康指标的比较分析。结果月经异常率护士达36.86%,高于医生(28.44%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女性医护人员的不孕率及子宫肌瘤、卵巢疾病患病率均较高,但医生与护士之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护士自然流产率、难产率及死产率均高于医生(P<0.05);早产率和出生缺陷发生率医生与护士间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论女性医护人员的生殖健康状况较差,护士月经异常率及自然流产、难产、死产等不良妊娠结局的发生率均高于医生。Objective To investigate the reproductive health status of female medical staff and their influencing factor.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 7 602 female doctors and nurses from January to November 2016, by a homemade"female worker reproductive health questionnaire", the single factor analysis of reproductive health such as gynecological diseases, abnormal menstruation, infertility, adverse pregnancy, etc. was done by chi-square test.Results The results showed that the abnormal menstruation rate was 36.86% in female nurses in recent six months, which was higher than that of the doctors(28.44%,P<0.05). Furthermore, the spontaneous abortion rate, dystocia rate and stillbirth rate in female nurses were also all higher than those in female doctors(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in infertility rate, prevelances of uterine fibroids and ovarian disease, preterm birth rate and birth defect rate between female nurses and female doctors(P>0.05).Conclusion The results suggested that the reproductive health status of female medical staff was poor, and the abnormal menstruation rate, spontaneous abortion rate, dystocia rate and stillbirth rate of female nurses were all higher than those of female doctors.

关 键 词：医护人员 不孕 月经异常 妊娠结局 生殖健康 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R711[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]