蔬菜、水果中高氯酸盐的污染情况及健康风险评估  

Pol ution and Health Risk Assessment of Perchlorate in Vegetables and Fruits

作　　者：李冬桂 吴凤 吕丽兰[1,2,3] 李乾坤 邓有展[1,2,3] 农耀京 LI Donggui;WU Feng;LV Lilan;LI Qiankun;DENG Youzhan;NONG Yaojing(Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning 530001;Laboratory of Quality Risk Assessment for Agroproducts(Nanning),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanning 530001;Quality Supervision and Testing Center of Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanning 530001)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,南宁530001 [2]农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(南宁),南宁530001 [3]农业农村部亚热带果品蔬菜质量监督检验测试中心,南宁530001

出　　处：《食品工业》2021年第4期497-500,共4页The Food Industry

基　　金：广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所科研业务费专项项目(桂热研201907)。

摘　　要：采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法,对南宁市售104份蔬菜水果样品中高氯酸盐的浓度进行检测分析,并对不同年龄段人群高氯酸盐的膳食暴露进行风险评估。结果表明高氯酸盐在蔬菜、水果中的检出率分别为77.4%,40.5%,平均含量分别为24.01μg/kg, 4.45μg/kg。其中,叶菜类蔬菜中高氯酸盐平均含量最高,为40.22μg/kg。不同人群对高氯酸盐的膳食暴露风险商值均小于1,为0.490 0~0.891 7,表明蔬菜水果中的高氯酸盐含量对人体无害。对膳食暴露的贡献率分析结果显示,高氯酸盐膳食暴露贡献率主要来源于蔬菜。风险评估结果表明,在参考每日允许摄入量0.3μg/(kg·d)的条件下,此次于南宁市各大市场购买的蔬菜水果中高氯酸盐污染较少,相对安全。The perchlorate concentration in vegetables and fruits from Nanning was detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and 104 samples were analyzed. Dietary exposure risk assessment of perchlorate among different populations was evaluated. The results showed that in vegetables and fruits, the detection rate of perchlorate was 77.4% and 40.5%, the average detection value was 24.01 μg/kg and 4.45 μg/kg. The level of perchlorate in leafy vegetables was highest with an average 40.22 μg/kg. The non-cancer Hazard Quotient(HQ) values among different populations ranged from 0.490 0 to 0.891 7, there was no health risk because of that the HQ values were less than 1. Chronic intake assessment indicated that vegetables consumption was the primary perchlorate exposure route. Exposure evaluation indicated that perchlorate in vegetables and fruits purchased in major markets in Nanning were safe under the condition of reference daily allowable intake of 0.3 μg/(kg·d) refer to EFSA related research.

关 键 词：高氯酸盐 蔬菜 水果 膳食暴露 风险评估 

分 类 号：TS255.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] O657.63[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]