典型进口废铜废铝初级加工原料模拟熔炼烟气中重金属产生特性研究  

Heavy Metal Production Characteristics of Simulated Smelting Flue Gas from Typical Imported Primary Raw Materials of Scrap Aluminum and Copper

作　　者：周凯 高红[1] 岳波[2] 孟棒棒 孟聪 吴海霞 贺自帅 ZHOU Kai;GAO Hong;YUE Bo;MENG Bangbang;MENG Cong;WU Haixia;HE Zishuai(Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architectural,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Research Institute of Solid Waste Management,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]中国环境科学研究院固体废物污染控制技术研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2021年第6期1482-1488,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFC1904802,2017YFC0703206)。

摘　　要：随着我国全面禁止固体废物入境,如何从传统的进口废铜废铝中甄别高品质再生铜再生铝原料,是精准打击固体废物入境、确保行业急需高品质原料进口的关键.选取典型进口废铜废铝初级加工原料样品,采用高温管式炉模拟不同原料类型、熔炼温度、夹杂物和熔炼剂等因素对于熔炼过程烟气中重金属产生特性的影响.结果表明:①当进口铜加工材原料熔炼温度从900℃升至1300℃时,烟气中Cr、Ni、Zn、Pb浓度随温度升高而增加,且进口铜加工材原料熔炼过程烟气中整体上重金属的产生量比铜米、漆包线多,当夹杂物含量从0增至1.0%时烟气中重金属浓度呈增长趋势,熔炼入炉的进口铜加工材原料的夹杂物含量控制在0.5%以内,可有效减少烟气中Pb和Zn等重金属的产生.②当进口汽车铝切片原料熔炼温度从500℃升至900℃时,烟气中Cr、Ni、Zn、Pb、Cu浓度均随温度升高而增加,熔炼剂中添加C_(2)Cl_(6)比添加NaCl、KCl和NH_(4)Cl等更利于重金属的产生,夹杂物含量从0增至1.0%时,烟气中Cr、Ni、Pb浓度均不断增加,Zn和Cu浓度则逐渐减少.研究结果为我国制定高品质再生铜再生铝原料标准、精准打击固体废物入境提供了数据支持.With the total ban on the entry of foreign garbage in China,how to identify high-quality recycled copper and aluminum raw materials from the traditional imported scrap copper and aluminum is the key to accurately crack down on the entry of foreign garbage and ensure that the industry urgently needs to import of high-quality raw materials.In this study,typical imported raw material samples for primary process of scrap copper and scrap aluminum were selected,a tubular furnace was used to simulate the regeneration smelting process of imported scrap copper and scrap aluminum,and the effects of temperature,types of raw materials and additives and their content on the distribution of heavy metals in smelting flue gas were studied in order to find out the impact of heavy metals in flue gas on the environment during raw material smelting.The results show that:(1)When the smelting temperature of imported copper processing materials increased from 900℃to 1300℃,the concentration of Cr,Ni,Zn and Pb in the flue gas increased with the increase of temperature.The concentration of heavy metals in the flue gas during the smelting process of imported copper processing materials was higher than that of copper rice and enameled wire.The concentration of heavy metals in the flue gas showed an increasing trend when the inclusion content increased from 0 to 1.0%.When the inclusion content of imported copper processing materials melted into the furnace was controlled within 0.5%,the concentration of heavy metals such as Pb and Zn in the flue gas could be effectively reduced.(2)When the smelting temperature of imported scrap aluminum automobile raw materials increased from 500℃to 900℃,the concentrations of Cr,Ni,Zn,Pb and Cu in flue gas increased with the increase of temperature.The addition of C_(2)Cl_(6) to smelting additives was more conducive to the generation of heavy metals than the addition of NaCl,KCl and NH_(4)Cl.When the inclusion content increased from 0 to 1.0%,the concentrations of Cr,Ni and Pb in flue gas increased

关 键 词：进口铜加工材原料 进口汽车铝切片 熔炼模拟 重金属产生特征 夹杂物含量 熔炼温度 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]