罗素·艾柯夫的系统科学思想探析  

On Russell Ackoff’s Thought of Systems Science

作　　者：于金龙 王统宇 YU Jin-long;WANG Tong-yu(Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学人文与社会科学高等研究院,北京140083

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2021年第3期41-46,共6页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(YWF-19-BJ-W-17)。

摘　　要：罗素·艾柯夫是20世纪上半叶系统科学发展的先驱人物,在继承和拓展辛格与丘奇曼等理论思想的基础上,将心理学和社会学视角引入对社会系统的理解,提出了"目的性系统"观念,推动了系统科学研究的新发展,形成了系统研究新范式,为之后的系统研究拓展了新的空间。文章梳理了艾柯夫系统思想的理论来源和概念基础,阐释了其系统科学思想的突出特点和实践内涵。在需要不断面对和应对各种复杂与不确定社会系统问题的今天,对艾柯夫系统科学思想进行深入研究和哲学反思具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。Russell Ackoff was a pioneer in the development of systems science in the first half of the 20 th century.On the basis of inheriting and expanding the scientific ideas of Singer and Churchman,he introduced psychology and sociology into the understanding of social systems,put forward the concept of"purposeful system",promoted the new development of research on systems science,formed a new paradigm of systematic research,and expanded new space for subsequent systematic research.This paper systematically sorts out the theoretical sources and conceptual foundations of Ackoff’s systems thought,and explains the outstanding characteristics and practical connotation of his systems science thought.Today,when facing and coping with various complex and uncertain social system problems,the in-depth study of Ackoff’s thoughts on systems science has important theoretical value and practical significance.

关 键 词：罗素·艾柯夫 系统科学思想 目的性系统 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]