精确计算弱酸溶液中氢离子浓度  

Accurate calculation of Hydrogen ion concentration in the weak acid solution

作　　者：李海斌[1,2] 谢发之 冯绍杰[1,2] 孔维丽 LI Haibin;XIE Fazhi;FENG Shaojie;KONG Weili(Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China;School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学功能分子设计与界面过程重点实验室,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽建筑大学材料与化学工程学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《高师理科学刊》2021年第5期61-65,共5页Journal of Science of Teachers＇College and University

基　　金：安徽省重大质量工程项目(2019rcsfjd061);中国建设教育协会教育教学科研课题(2019001);校级质量工程项目(2020jy46)。

摘　　要：为提高计算弱酸溶液中氢离子浓度的准确性,并对计算结果进行可视化展示,在通过推导氢离子浓度计算精确式的基础上,介绍Mathematica计算的具体步骤,分别绘制浓度为0.01 mol/L的一氯乙酸、碳酸、柠檬酸、焦磷酸溶液的氢离子浓度函数关系图,并阐述其在分析化学中的应用.结果表明,采用Mathematica计算氢离子浓度速度快、准确性高.绘制的函数图像能够实现可视化展示,摒弃了近似算法公式选取及公式适用条件等繁杂步骤.通过与Origin,MATLAB等不同计算方法对比分析,该方法具有简便、快速、准确等优点.为弱酸溶液体系中氢离子浓度分析提供了理论模型与精确计算方法,有利于学习者系统地掌握分析化学课程中氢离子浓度计算及解决更复杂体系的计算问题.In order to improve the accuracy of the calculation of hydrogen ion concentration([H+])in weak acid solution,and the calculation results were visualized by the Mathematica software as tool.Based on the complete formula derivation,the concrete steps of Mathematica software was described.The graph of the function of 0.01mol/L monochloroacetic acid,carbonate,citric acid and pyrophosphate were drawn and its application in analytical chemistry was also discussed.The results show that[H+]in weak acid solution can be accurately and quickly worked out by running the Mathematica software,and the visualization function can be realized.This method discarded judgment the selection and application of formulas and other complex steps in the approximate process of[H+]calculation.Compared with origin,MATLAB and other different calculation methods,this method is simple,rapid and accurate.Moreover,the results provide theoretical model and a feasible method for analysis of the[H+]of weak acid solution systems.Through learning the Mathematica softwarefor accurate calculation of[H+],it was beneficial for learners to overall master the theoretical basis and accurate solutions in complex systems of[H+]calculation during learning analytical chemistry.

关 键 词：弱酸 PH值 氢离子浓度 MATHEMATICA 图解法 

分 类 号：O65[理学—分析化学]