硼硅比对飞灰玻璃化过程Cr固化赋存形态的影响  

Effect of B/Si ratio on the solidification forms of Cr in fly ash during vitrification

作　　者：于跃龙 岳晨曦 曹建尉[2,3] 王志[2,3] 钱国余[2,3] 伍继君 YU Yue-long;YUE Chen-xi;CAO Jian-wei;WANG Zhi;QIAN Guo-yu;WU Ji-jun(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering,National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所,湿法冶金与清洁生产技术国家工程实验室,中科院绿色过程与工程重点实验室,北京100190 [3]中国科学院绿色过程制造创新研究院,北京100190

出　　处：《矿冶》2021年第3期77-82,共6页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52070181,51934006)。

摘　　要：以垃圾焚烧厂产生的焚烧飞灰、钢渣、铬渣为主要原料,采用熔融玻璃化方法制备出CaO-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3)体系低熔点玻璃固化体。采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)等分析测试手段研究了硼硅比对垃圾焚烧飞灰玻璃化的影响,考察了不同硼硅比时固化过程Cr赋存形态的变化规律以及Cr的固化稳定性。结果表明,硼与飞灰中高钙形成硼酸钙低熔点矿物相可使飞灰的熔化温度从1300~1600℃显著降到950℃;增大硼硅比可抑制铬钾矿的形成,最终形成玻璃体包裹负载Cr的尖晶石相;采用HJ/T 299—2007《固体废物浸出毒性浸出法—硫酸—硝酸法》评价玻璃固化体的固化稳定性,Cr离子的浸出浓度为0.47 mg/L,远低于国标限值。采用飞灰熔融法制备的低熔点玻璃固化体可以将重金属元素Cr稳定固化。Using the incineration fly ash produced by the garbage incineration plant,steel slag,and chromium slag as the main raw materials,the CaO-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3) system low-melting glass solidified body is prepared by the melting-vitrification method.Through X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF),X-ray diffractometer technology(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer(ICP-OES)and other analytical testing methods,the effect of borosilicate ratio on the vitrification of waste incineration fly ash were studied.The changes in the morphology of Cr in the curing process and the curing stability of Cr with different borosilicate ratios were investigated.The results show that the melting temperature of fly ash is significantly reduced from 1300—1600℃to 950℃due to the formation of calcium borate low melting point mineral phase between boron and high calcium in fly ash.It was found that increasing the ratio of boron to silicon can inhibit the formation of lopezite and eventually form a spinel phase of glass inclusion containing Cr.HJ/T 299—2007 solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method-sulfuric acid-nitric acid method was used to evaluate the curing stability of glass cured body.The leaching concentration of Cr ions was 0.47 mg/L,which was far lower than the national standard limit.The low-melting glass solidified body prepared by the fly ash melting method can stably solidify the heavy metal element Cr.

关 键 词：硼硅比 垃圾焚烧飞灰 玻璃化 Cr固化 

分 类 号：TQ171.4[化学工程—玻璃工业]