不同育种方法对粳型香稻早世代外观品质性状的影响  

Effects of Different Breeding Methods on Appearance Quality Traits of Early Generations of Japonica Aromatic Rice

作　　者：于深州[1] 赵一洲[1] 王绍林[1] 张战[1] 倪善君[1] 郭素华[1] 屠欢 刘琳琳[1] 纪薇薇[1] 张丽丽[1] YU Shen-zhou;ZHAO Yi-zhou;WANG Shao-lin;ZHANG Zhan;NI Shan-jun;GUO Su-hua;TU Huan;LIU Lin-lin;JI Wei-wei;ZHANG Li-li(Liaoning Province Saline and Alkaline Land Utilization and Research Institute,Liaoning Panjin 124010,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第5期915-920,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省农业科学院院长基金项目(2020QN2417);辽宁省自然科学基金面上项目(20170540549);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300703)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在探讨杂交育种和辐射诱变育种2种方法对粳型香稻早世代香型株系外观品质性状的变异情况,探讨香型后代外观品质性状的选择。【方法】以香稻品种盐粳939、非香稻品种福响组配的F_(2)代群体、香稻品种盐粳939^(60)Co-γ射线辐射处理后的M_(2)代群体为研究材料,对其进行香味性状、外观品质性状分析。【结果】盐粳939香味受1对隐性基因控制,盐粳939×福响的F_(2)群体中香型株系占群体总数的25.7%。盐粳939的辐射诱变M_(2)群体中香型株系占群体总数的64.5%。在粒长、粒宽、粒厚、透明度、垩白粒率、垩白度性状上F_(2)群体中香型株系变异系数、多样性指数在3.45%~90.81%、0.343~0.457,平均值分别为28.28%和0.426。M_(2)群体中香型株系变异系数、多样性指数在2.66%~81.36%、0.389~0.438,平均值分别为27.80%和0.409。主成分分析表明,与M_(2)代香型株系相比,F_(2)代香型株系间外观品质性状差异较大。典型相关分析表明,香型株系可通过对粒型的综合选择达到改善垩白和透明度目的。【结论】杂交育种、辐射诱变在选育香稻品种性状方面具有不同的特点,杂交、辐射诱变的早世代香型株系外观品质性状受亲本的影响表现相应的变化趋势。结果可为香稻品种选育过程中育种方法的选择和外观品质性状的改良提供依据。【Objectives】The present paper aimed to study the variation of the appearance quality traits of early-generation lines of japonica aromatic rice obtaining hybrid breeding and radiation mutagenesis,and discuss the selection of appearance quality traits of offspring.【Methods】F_(2)generation population derived from aromatic rice Yanjing 939 and non-aromatic rice Fu-Xiang and the M_(2)generation of Yanjing 939 treated by^(60)Co-γ-rays was used to analyze the aromatic characteristics and appearance quality.【Result】The aroma of Yanjing 939 was controlled by a pair of recessive genes.The aromatic line in the F_(2)population accounted for 25.7%and was 64.5%in M_(2)generation.Compared with the M_(2)population,the F_(2)population had higher average variation coefficient and diversity index of appearance quality traits,and the morphological distance was larger.The appearance quality traits of F_(2)and M_(2)generations and their parents were significantly different.They had different trends under the influence of their parents.Meanwhile,we can improve chalkiness and transparency of two lines from different group by comprehensive selection of grain types.【Conclusion】Hybrid breeding and radiation mutagenesis have different characteristics in selecting traits of aromatic rice varieties.The appearance and quality traits of the early generation aroma plants induced by hybridization and radiation mutation were affected by their parents and showed corresponding changes.The results of this study provides a basis for the selection of breeding methods and improvement of appearance quality traits in breeding process on aromatic rice.

关 键 词：香稻 杂交育种 辐射诱变 早期世代 外观品质 

分 类 号：S511.23[农业科学—作物学]