导入高VA原玉米种质产量配合力及杂种优势群分析  

Yield Combining Ability and Heterotic Groups for Maize Germplasm with Introducing Provitamin A

作　　者：姚文华[1] 毕亚琪 陈洪梅[1] 黄云霄[1] 尹兴福 罗黎明[1] 蒋辅燕 汪燕芬[1] 王晶 郭瑞佳 YAO Wen-hua;BI Ya-qi;CHEN Hong-mei;HUANG Yun-xiao;YIN Xing-fu;LUO Li-ming;JIANG Fu-yan;WANG Yan-fen;WANG Jing;GUO Rui-jia(Institute of Food Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650200,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650200

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第5期932-939,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“七大作物育种”(2018YFD0100103);云南省技术创新人才项目(2016HB001)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究导入高VA原玉米种质产量配合力,并根据配合力对其杂种优势群归类进行分析。【方法】采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计对25个导入高VA原玉米种质和3个测验种配制75个杂交组合,在云南省3种不同生态环境下对这些杂交组合进行农艺性状和产量配合力分析,评价导入高VA原玉米种质的利用潜力,再根据产量SCA效应分析被测种质的所属类群。【结果】YML1626(L5)、YML1619(L7)、YML16-5(L9)、YML162-3(L13)产量GCA效应值较高。选育过程中要获得产量GCA较高的高VA原玉米育种材料,至少要对4个穗部性状进行优级选择。以SCA正向显著水平临界值(5.49)为阀值划分杂种优势群,有6个被测系归类不确定;以SCA负向显著水平临界值(-5.49)划分杂种优势群,有12个被测系归类不确定。以被测系与3个测验种之间的最小负向SCA效应值为划分标准,可能导致杂种优势群归类出现误差。【结论】导入高VA原玉米种质YML1626、YML1619、YML16-5、YML162-3产量GCA效应值较高,在育种中具有较高的利用价值。一个利用价值较高的自交系至少有4个穗部优良性状。以SCA正向显著水平临界值为阀值划分杂种优势群,更容易解释被测系的杂种优势群归类。【Objective】The purpose was to study the yield combining ability of maize germplasm with provitamin A introduction,and to discuss the heterotic groups according to special combining ability(SCA)effect value.【Method】NCⅡmating design was applied on the present research.A number of 25 maize germplasm of introduction provitamin A were crossed to 3 testers representing group Reid,Non-Reid,Suwan l,respectively.The combining abilities of certain agronomic traits and grain yield of the obtained 75 crosses were evaluated in three different ecological environments in Yunnan Province.The utilization potential was evaluated according to general combining ability(GCA)effect value,and the groups were discussed according to SCA effect value.【Result】The lines with high yield GCA were YML1626(L5),YML1619(L7),YML16-5(L9),YML162-3(L13).In order to obtain high provitamin A maize breeding materials with high GCA yield,at least four good ear traits should be selected during the breeding process.Six lines were classified inconclusively if the higher SCA effect values(5.49)were used as standard,while twelve lines were classified inconclusively if the lower SCA effect values(-5.49)were used as standard.If the minimum negative SCA effect values were used between the lines and three testers,all lines could be classified into heterotic groups,but some lines might be misclassified.【Conclusion】The results indicated that lines YML1626,YML1619,YML16-5 and YML162-3 had great utilization potential.An inbred line with high utilization value had four elite ear traits at least.It was reasonable to classify the heterotic groups of all tested lines according to SCA effect values,but it was more reliable to divide the heterotic groups of tested lines according to higher SCA effect values.

关 键 词：玉米种质 维生素A原 配合力 杂种优势群 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]