瞳孔直径大小所致的视网膜周边离焦对儿童近视进展的影响  

Effect of periretinal defocus caused by pupil diameter on progression of myopia in children

作　　者：庄林淋 庄静宜[1] 陈焓[1] 张晟[1] 张蕾 ZHUANG Lin-Lin;ZHUANG Jing-Yi;CHEN Han(Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361001,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院眼科,福达厦门361001

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2021年第10期2262-2265,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J01325)。

摘　　要：目的探讨瞳孔直径大小所致的视网膜周边离焦对儿童近视进展的影响。方法选取2016年8月-2019年8月于厦门大学附属第一医院确诊的儿童近视患儿200例,根据瞳孔直径的大小分为瞳孔直径3~4 mm组、瞳孔直径4~5 mm组、瞳孔直径>5 mm组,采用Topcon KR-8800角膜曲率计和IOLMaster-XP测量仪进行角膜曲度、眼轴长度检测,眼部屈光度检查主要采用主角眼光检验和结合电脑验光法进行。结果瞳孔直径3~4 mm组患儿角膜曲率显著低于瞳孔直径4~5 mm组和瞳孔直径>5mm组,3组患儿3个月的角膜曲率低于6个月、9个月,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着时间延长,患儿的角膜曲率逐渐增大,瞳孔直径越大的患儿其角膜曲率越大。瞳孔直径3~4 mm组患儿屈光度低于瞳孔直径4~5 mm组和瞳孔直径>5 mm组,3组患儿3个月的屈光度低于6个月、9个月;随着时间延长,患儿的屈光度逐渐增大,瞳孔直径越大的患儿其屈光度越大。瞳孔直径3~4 mm组患儿眼轴长度低于瞳孔直径4~5 mm组和瞳孔直径>5 mm组,3组患儿3个月的眼轴长度低于6个月、9个月,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着时间延长,患儿的眼轴长度逐渐增大,瞳孔直径越大的患儿其眼轴长度越大。瞳孔直径大小与角膜曲度、眼轴长度、屈光度成正相关(P<0.05),与患儿年龄和身高无相关性(P>0.05)。结论瞳孔直径大小所致的视网膜周边离焦对儿童近视有重要影响,会导致儿童视力的下降,诱导近视的发生。Objective To explore the effect of periretinal defocus caused by pupil diameter on progression of myopia in children.Methods A total of 200 children diagnosed as myopia in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from August 2016 to August 2019 were selected and divided into pupil diameter 3-4 mm group,pupil diameter 4-5 mm group,and pupil diameter>5 mm group.Topcon KR-8800 keratometer and IOLMaster-XP admeasuring apparatus were used to detect corneal curvature and length of optic axis.Eye examination and computer optometry were used to examine diopter.Results The level of corneal curvature in pupil diameter 3-4 mm group was statistically significantly lower than those in pupil diameter 4-5 mm group and pupil diameter>5 mm group,the levels of corneal curvature at three months in the three groups were statistically significantly lower than those at 6 and 9 months(P<0.05);the level of corneal curvature increased with time,which was high in children with large pupil diameter.Diopter in pupil diameter 3-4 mm group was statistically significantly lower than those in pupil diameter 4-5 mm group and pupil diameter>5 mm group,diopters at three months in the three groups were statistically significantly lower than those at 6 and 9 months(P<0.05);diopter increased with time,which was high in children with large pupil diameter.The length of optic axis in pupil diameter 3-4 mm group was statistically significantly lower than those in pupil diameter 4-5 mm group and pupil diameter>5 mm group,the lengths of optic axis at three months in the three groups were statistically significantly lower than those at 6 and 9 months(P<0.05);the length of optic axis increased with time,which was high in children with large pupil diameter.Pupil diameter was positively correlated with corneal curvature,the length of optic axis,and diopter(P<0.05),which was not correlated with age and height of children(P>0.05).Conclusion Periretinal defocus caused by pupil diameter has important impact on children with myopia,which can induce decrea

关 键 词：瞳孔直径 视网膜周边离焦 近视 屈光度 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]